Highways Construction in Amorphous Carbon Anode Enables 10C Fast‐Charging Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

ABSTRACT Conventional hard carbons offering high sodium‐ion (Na + ) storage capacity through closed pores formed by disordered short carbon sheets stacking, but suffer from tortuous diffusion paths that hinder rate capability in sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). Herein, an amorphous carbon (AC) anode capable of 10C fast‐charging was successfully developed via constructing Na + highways through embedding interconnected carbon sheets with large interlayer spacing into a disordered carbon matrix by a molecular cross‐linking strategy. Na + Highways provide direct routes that bypass the inherent tortuosity, mitigate diffusion resistance, and facilitate rapid Na + access to closed pores that serve as efficient reservoirs, thereby fully unlocking the Na + storage potential of AC. As evaluated in practical 1000 mAh pouch full cells, the optimized AC anode delivers a high specific capacity of 298 mAh g − 1 at a 10C rate, which directly enables the pouch cells to achieve a 92% state of charge within 6 min. Furthermore, the full cells exhibit excellent cycling stability, retaining 94% of their initial capacity over 1000 cycles due to the structural robustness of the AC anode. This work provides a practical design strategy for high‐performance AC anodes, paving the way for the use of ultra‐fast‐charging SIBs in frequency control within new type power systems.