High‐Entropy Ceramic‐Enhanced Deformable Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Noncontact Biomechanical and Raindrop Energy Harvesting

Abstract

ABSTRACT To address interfacial friction losses associated with physical contact separation in triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), noncontact or liquid‐solid‐contact TENGs have recently been developed. However, the limited performance of noncontact TENGs has hindered their further advancement. This study proposed a large‐area deformable high‐entropy ceramic (HEC)‐enhanced noncontact TENG (HEC‐TENG) by integrating an HEC‐doped silicone triboelectric layer with a charge‐storage graphitic textile and a stretchable carbon black electrode. This strategy establishes a comprehensive tribo‐charge regulation mechanism, including charge generation, capture, transport, and retention, resulting in a noncontact output of 90 V and 450 µA m −2 at a separation distance of 1 mm, while maintaining a stretchability exceeding 230%. Notably, by leveraging the synergistic effects of HEC doping and the trilayer composite configuration, the HEC‐TENG achieved a maximum voltage of 466 V for droplet‐based energy harvesting. Furthermore, wearable power sources and large‐area rainwater‐harvesting systems enabled by HEC‐TENGs were demonstrated. Overall, this work validates the universal enhancement effect of HECs when employed as triboelectric layers in both noncontact and liquid‐solid contact TENGs, establishing a representative paradigm for the development of wearable HEC‐based TENGs. These findings provide new insights into future wearable self‐powered electronics and distributed energy‐harvesting systems.