High-performance supercapacitor based on tungsten oxide iodide/polymer nanocomposite for advanced energy storage

Abstract

Abstract A novel pseudosupercapacitor has been successfully developed based on a nanocomposite of tungsten oxide iodide integrated with poly(1H-pyrrole) (WO 3-X I X /P1HP). This hybrid material synergistically combines the redox activity of transition metal oxides with the conductivity and flexibility of a polymer matrix, enabling high-performance energy storage. The incorporation of iodide within the crystalline tungsten oxide framework enhanced electrochemical functionality, while scanning electron microscopy reveals cauliflower-like nanostructures (~ 30 nm) with hierarchical roughness, offering increased surface area for charge storage. As a result, the composite exhibited an outstanding capacitances of 775 F/g at 1.0 A/g and 425 F/g at 2.0 A/g, respectively. Corresponding energy densities reached 100 Wh/kg and 52 Wh/kg, respectively. These impressive values are attributed to the synergistic effect of efficient redox activity of the tungsten oxide iodide component, as well as the enhanced electron transport via P1HP matrix. The integrated hybrid architecture also ensures structural integrity and cycling stability. Overall, the WO 3-X I X /P1HP nanocomposite represents a promising candidate for next-generation supercapacitors. Its superior electrochemical performance, structural robustness, and scalable synthesis suggest significant potential for practical applications in portable electronics and advanced industrial energy storage systems.