Heterocycle‐Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks With Indazole Units for Cooperative H <sub>2</sub> O <sub>2</sub> Photosynthesis and Biomass Valorization

S Shu‐Zhi Hu (Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China) M Meng‐Na Yue (Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China) Y Yong Liu S Shi‐Wen Zhang (Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China) Q Qian‐Rui Mao (Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China) M Mi Tian H Huan Pang W Wang‐Kang Han (Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China) Z Zhi‐Guo Gu (Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China)

Abstract

ABSTRACT Developing artificial photosynthesis systems that couple hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) production with organic valorization remains challenging due to rapid carrier recombination. Herein, indazole‐linked covalent organic frameworks (COFs) were constructed via Cadogan reductive cyclization of nitro‐functionalized imine‐linked precursors, which converts labile imine linkages into robust indazole linkages while preserving high crystallinity and enhancing visible‐light harvesting ability. Remarkably, in a synergistic system coupling H 2 O 2 production with furfuryl alcohol oxidation, indazole‐linked COFs exhibited a nearly 5.6‐fold enhancement in photocatalytic performance compared to its imine‐linked counterpart. Combined in situ DRIFTS and DFT calculations revealed that the indazole linkage optimizes interfacial reaction kinetics and facilitates substrate adsorption through polarized nitrogen sites. This work establishes heterocyclic linkage engineering as an effective strategy for designing advanced crystalline photocatalysts toward integrated solar energy conversion.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 1, Issue 1
Published August 11, 2026
ISSN 1433-7851
Publisher Wiley

Journal Info

Angewandte Chemie International Edition

Wiley

ISSN: 1433-7851 Physical Sciences

Authors (9)

S

Shu‐Zhi Hu

Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China

M

Meng‐Na Yue

Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China

Y

Yong Liu

S

Shi‐Wen Zhang

Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China

Q

Qian‐Rui Mao

Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China

M

Mi Tian

H

Huan Pang

W

Wang‐Kang Han

Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China

Z

Zhi‐Guo Gu

Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China