Galectin-related protein, a key contributor, drives diabetes-associated neuropathic pain

D Danyang Chen (Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China) J Jing Wang (Hunan Cancer Hospital Changsha China) X Xiang-Jie Song (Core Facility Centre for Life Science, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China) Z Zi-Jiao Ding (Department of Anatomy, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Brain Bank Construction and Resource Utilization, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University) Q Qianqian Lou (Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China) Y Yuan-Yuan Chen (Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China) M Meng-Yuan Wang (Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, University of Science and Technology of China) X Xin-Lu Yang (Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China) Z Zhi Zhang J Juan Li W Wei Wang H Haitao Wang (Department of Central Laboratory, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research, Anhui Medical University)

Abstract

Neuropathic pain associated with central sensitization is common in diabetic patients, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, a proteomics screen identified a previously uncharacterized protein, galectin-related protein (LGALSL), which was significantly upregulated in cerebrospinal fluid and extracellular fluid of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in diabetes-related neuropathic pain (DNP) model rats. Exogenous LGALSL administration reduced mechanical nociceptive thresholds by activating glutamatergic neurons in the ACC (ACC Glu ). Chemogenetic manipulations and functional assays revealed that neuron-derived LGALSL directly binds to vimentin on ACC astrocytes, activating those astrocytes. These activated astrocytes subsequently maintain ACC Glu hypersensitivity, driving mechanical hypersensitivity in diabetic rats. Blocking LGALSL–vimentin interactions with a synthetic peptide alleviated LGALSL-induced mechanical hypersensitivity. This study establishes LGALSL-dependent astrocyte-mediated hyperactivation of ACC Glu neurons as a new pathological mechanism of neuropathic pain in diabetes.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 122, Issue 50
Published December 16, 2025
ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher National Academy of Sciences

Authors (12)

D

Danyang Chen

Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China

J

Jing Wang

Hunan Cancer Hospital Changsha China

X

Xiang-Jie Song

Core Facility Centre for Life Science, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China

Z

Zi-Jiao Ding

Department of Anatomy, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Brain Bank Construction and Resource Utilization, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University

Q

Qianqian Lou

Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China

Y

Yuan-Yuan Chen

Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China

M

Meng-Yuan Wang

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, University of Science and Technology of China

X

Xin-Lu Yang

Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China

Z

Zhi Zhang

J

Juan Li

W

Wei Wang

H

Haitao Wang

Department of Central Laboratory, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research, Anhui Medical University