Evaluating the outcome of cardiovascular risk factors in breast cancer patients.

Abstract

586 Background: Breast cancer patients are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease due to factors such as treatment-related toxicity and shared comorbidities. This study analyzes demographics and outcomes of cardiovascular risk factors in hospitalized breast cancer patients using nationwide data to guide improved care strategies. Methods: We used the National Inpatient Sample Database (2016 to 2020) to perform the analysis. ICD-10 codes were used to make the primary diagnosis of patients with breast cancer admitted to hospitals, and secondary diagnosis of various cardiac risk factors. We used the chi-square test and the student's T-test to analyze categorical and continuous variables. Multivariable regression analysis was used to adjust for confounders and calculate adjusted odds ratio (aOR). Statistical significance was set at p <0.05. Results: A total of 855394 patients were detected with primary diagnosis of breast cancer. Out of them, 11% had coronary artery disease (CAD), 13% had congestive heart failure (CHF), 6% had atrial fibrillation, 1% had ventricular arrhythmias and 0.06% had endocarditis. The prevalence of cardiac risk factors was mostly in older adults. The mean age of patients with CAD and CHF was 73 years, atrial fibrillation was 75 years, ventricular arrhythmias was 69 years and endocarditis was 71 years. The mortality was found to be higher in patients with cardiac risk factors as well. The patients with coronary artery disease had aOR of 1.9 (p-value 0.02), congestive heart failure had 1.3 (p-value <0.001), atrial fibrillation had aOR 1.1 (p-value 0.001), for ventricular arrhythmias was 3 (p-value <0.001) and for endocarditis was 1.4 (p-value 0.3). Conclusions: Breast cancer patients with cardiovascular risk factors experience significantly higher mortality rates compared to those without. These findings emphasize the need for early cardiovascular risk assessment and proactive management in breast cancer patients to improve outcomes and reduce complications. Outcomes of cardiovascular disease in breast cancer patients. Mortality With Cardiac Risk Factors Without Cardiac Risk Factors Adjusted Odds Ratio Adjusted Odds Ratio Coronary Artery Disease 4.7% 4.5% 1.9 0.02 Congestive Heart Failure 6.6% 4.3% 1.3 <0.001 Atrial Fibrillation 5.5% 4.5% 1.1 0.01 Ventricular arrhythmias 12% 4.5% 3.0 <0.001 Endocarditis 6.6% 4.6% 1.4 0.3