Embolism resistance supports the contribution of dry-season precipitation to transpiration in eastern Amazon forests

M Magali F. Nehemy (Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of British Columbia Okanagan) C Caio R. C. Mattos (Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University) R Rafael S. Oliveira (Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas) M Marina Hirota Y Ying Fan M Monique B. Schlickmann (School of Forest, Fisheries and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida) D Deliane Penha (Laboratório de Ecologia da Conservação Programa de Pós Graduação em Biodiversidade Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará) L Leandro L. Giacomin (Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal da Paraíba) J Julliene S. G. M. Silva (Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas) M Mayda Rocha (Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas) G Gleicy A. Rodrigues (Laboratório de Ecologia da Conservação Programa de Pós Graduação em Biodiversidade Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará) J Jeffrey J. McDonnell (School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan)

Abstract

Transpiration drives most of the local rainfall during the dry season in the Amazon forests by recycling moisture into the atmosphere. However, the source, temporal origin of transpiration, and spatial distribution of transpiration water sources remain unclear. Here, we quantify transpiration sources across a topographic gradient in the eastern Amazon. We show that on hills, dry-season transpiration sources are mostly shallow soil water recharged by dry-season rainfall. This is different in valleys, where tree water sources include both shallow and deep soil layers, with both dry- and wet-season contributions. We show that species embolism resistance largely explains this pattern in tree water use but with contrasting trade-offs between topographic positions. The significant relationship between embolism resistance and depth of water uptake in both hill and valley species may merit incorporation into process-based models to understand changes in vegetation and land surface fluxes.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 122, Issue 33
Published August 19, 2025
ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher National Academy of Sciences

Authors (12)

M

Magali F. Nehemy

Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of British Columbia Okanagan

C

Caio R. C. Mattos

Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University

R

Rafael S. Oliveira

Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas

M

Marina Hirota

Y

Ying Fan

M

Monique B. Schlickmann

School of Forest, Fisheries and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida

D

Deliane Penha

Laboratório de Ecologia da Conservação Programa de Pós Graduação em Biodiversidade Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará

L

Leandro L. Giacomin

Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal da Paraíba

J

Julliene S. G. M. Silva

Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas

M

Mayda Rocha

Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas

G

Gleicy A. Rodrigues

Laboratório de Ecologia da Conservação Programa de Pós Graduação em Biodiversidade Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará

J

Jeffrey J. McDonnell

School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan