Dual-function convective sensor in porous media

Abstract

Traditional convective metamaterials typically focus exclusively on cloaking functionality, limiting their applicability. Here, we propose a dual-function convective sensor embedded in porous materials that can achieve both detecting and cloaking functions. The device ensures accurate sensing by preserving the internal core consistent with the background, while simultaneously suppressing external disturbances to achieve cloaking. Through the analytical framework of scattering cancellation, the design enables coordinated tuning of both permeability and thermal conductivity in forced convection. Numerical analyses confirm that the sensor retains stable performance across different conditions within the theoretical framework. We also suggest potential fabrication strategies, such as micro-structured designs combined with additive manufacturing. This dual-function approach significantly broadens the scope of applications for convective metamaterial and opens pathways for innovations such as lab-on-chip devices and thermal control systems.