Digital control of wide gamut color spun yarns enabled by four primary grid based mixing model

Abstract

Abstract This paper introduces a digital control system for producing wide-gamut color-spun yarns by integrating a four-primary (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Grey) grid-based mixing model with a three-channel computer numerical control (CNC) rotor spinning system. The framework was validated by producing and testing 90 systematically varied yarn samples. The resulting yarns demonstrated precise, predictable colors, with exceptional agreement between the predicted model and measured fabric colors across the entire gamut. Furthermore, comprehensive testing confirmed that the yarns’ mechanical properties, evenness, and hairiness meet or exceed industry standards. This research provides a systematic, mathematically rigorous approach that transforms color-spun yarn production from a craft-based process into a precision-controlled digital manufacturing technology.