Differences in age of diagnosis and survival period for individuals of Asian Indian/Pakistani origin and American Indian/Alaskan natives with multiple myeloma using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from National Cancer Institute.

Abstract

e19551 Background: Multiple Myeloma (MM) is one of the common hematological malignancies affecting the plasma clonal cell proliferation in the elderly population. There have been several studies reporting earlier incidence in India and Pakistan although unclear underlying reasons. Similar such data wasn’t available for other ethnicity and race, a gap important for tailored care. As per the USA census 2024, Asian Indian/Pakistani origin population is 1.47% and 0.187% respectively , American Indian and Alaska native is 1.3%, Black is 13.7% and White is 75.3%.The goal is to unveil the difference in incidence and outcomes in patients of Asian Indian/ Pakistani descent and also view data side by side for other race and ethnic groups. Methods: SEER 17 registry 2000-2021 was utilised to identify the MM diagnosed individuals of Asian Indian/ Pakistani descent, American Indian/Alaskan Native descent, White and Black descent. ICD-O-3 (9732/3) referring to Plasma Cell Myeloma was used. Unique patient data on age of diagnosis, gender, survival duration from time of diagnosis and median adjusted household income was identified. Differentiated specific population group of Asian Indian and Pakistani descent after 2010 was available in this registry. Descriptive analysis of the retrospective data was done and data was summarised into pivot tables and charts. Results: Total of 757 individuals of American Indian/Alaskan native, 24043 of Asian Indian/Pakistani origin were identified. The median age of diagnosis for Asian Indian/Pakistani origin remained at 65 ( 63 for Females), with 67 for Asian Indian, and 64 for Pakistani (after 2010), while American Indian/Alaskan Native at 65 median age, Blacks at 65 and Whites at 69. The lowest median survival duration is for American Indian/Alaskan Native individuals at 33 months, with maximum median survival months of 41 months seen in Individuals of Pakistani descent while 57 months for females of Pakistani origin. No specific trend was observed in median household income and median survival duration, but further study might be able to shed more light on this factor. Conclusions: In comparison, 60-70 yrs remains the median age group for individuals for the diagnosis of MM. Females of Asian Indian/Pakistani descent’s median age of diagnosis is 63 yrs, while individuals of Pakistani descent, Indian descent, American Indian/Alaska Native and Blacks, have earlier onset at ~ 65 yrs while 69 years is the median age for White population. American Indian/Alaskan Native have lower median survival duration of 33 months, while females of Pakistani descent have a survival of 57 months. There are obviously various other factors at play, likely other environmental factors, which need to be studied further to tailor care for specific patient population base.