Determinants of non-communicable disease management among support staff in Putrajaya, Malaysia: The mediating role of attitude

Abstract

Non-communicable disease (NCD) is a major global health issue that contributes to morbidity and mortality problems across countries, including Malaysia. Individuals and social environment are increasingly recognized as critical factors that impact NCDs. Low-income households are a potentially vulnerable group in managing chronic diseases. Therefore, this study aims to examine the factors that influence the management of NCD. In addition, this study examines the role of attitude on the relationship between intrapersonal factor (knowledge) and NCD management. This study employs a cross-sectional survey of 200 support staff with NCD at selected ministries in Putrajaya, Malaysia. The data collected included socio-demographic information, knowledge of NCDs, attitudes towards NCDs, and the Chronic Illness Resources Survey (CIRS). Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27 and Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) version 24 were employed to analyze the data through descriptive analysis and Structural Equation Model (SEM). The path analysis revealed that attitude, community, and societal factors significantly influence NCD management. Analysis of mediating effects indicated that attitude served as a significant mediator in the relationship between intrapersonal factor (knowledge) and NCD management. Hence, these findings provide a better understanding of influences and mediating effects, highlighting the need for tailored interventions to address this issue to improve NCD management.