Designable van der Waals Crystal for Artificial Neuronal Cell Mimicking

J Jinhyoung Lee G Gunhyoung Kim (Department of Semiconductor Convergence Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea) D Dongho Lee S Seowoo Son (SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea) H Hyunho Seok S Sihoon Son (SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea) H Hyunbin Choi (Department of Semiconductor Convergence Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea) G Geonwook Kim (School of Mechanical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) Suwon‐si Gyeonggi‐do South Korea) G Geumji Back (Department of Semiconductor Convergence Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea) H Hyunkyu Kim (SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea) C Chaerin Park J Junmin Ahn (Department of Semiconductor Convergence Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea) S Seongyun Je (SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea) C Chaeyoung Im (SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea) J Junil Cho (School of Mechanical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) Suwon‐si Gyeonggi‐do South Korea) M Magdalena Grzeszczyk S Seongho Kim (1Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, United States) E Eunseo Go (Semiconductor Manufacturing Research Center Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM) Daejeon South Korea) H Hyunwoo Shim (Department of Semiconductor Convergence Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea) D Donghwan Choi (Department of Semiconductor Convergence Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea) M Muyoung Kim (Semiconductor Manufacturing Research Center Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM) Daejeon South Korea) H Hyoeng‐U. Kim (School of Mechanical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) Suwon‐si Gyeonggi‐do South Korea) W Won‐Jun Jang (Center For Quantum Nanoscience Institute For Basic Science (IBS) Seoul South Korea) T Taesung Kim

Abstract

ABSTRACT Optogenetics employs light to regulate neuronal activity with exceptional spatiotemporal precision, thereby enabling the direct modulation of learning and memory processes in the human brain. This capability to externally control neuronal signaling via optical stimuli has provided profound insights into brain function and established a versatile strategy for engineering bio‐inspired information processing. Herein, a designable van der Waals (vdW) crystal has been demonstrated for device‐scale neuronal cell mimicking. The structural similarity between ion‐channel in biological membranes and layered vdW lattices is realized with nano‐crystallization. As the sequential transition from carrier transport dominance to ion transport dominance reveals the dynamic control over synaptic weight updates. Optoelectric synaptic plasticity in designable vdW crystal (long‐term potentiation and depression, paired‐pulse facilitation, and a tunable short‐term to long‐term memory transition) were conclusively observed and correlates with photo‐induced carrier trapping and ionic migration. Furthermore, learning‐forgetting‐relearning cycles achieve 34.7% increased retention efficiency compared to bulk ReSe 2 . Functional demonstrations in edge detection and CIFAR‐10 image recognition confirm the synaptic plasticity into system‐level neuromorphic computation, with a recognition accuracy of 96.24%. In conclusion, we envision that designable vdW artificial crystal will provide the versatile advances for 3D stackable neuromorphic vision architectures.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 38, Issue 38
Published July 01, 2026
ISSN 0935-9648
Publisher Unknown Publisher

Journal Info

Advanced Materials

Unknown Publisher

ISSN: 0935-9648 Physical Sciences

Authors (24)

J

Jinhyoung Lee

G

Gunhyoung Kim

Department of Semiconductor Convergence Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea

D

Dongho Lee

S

Seowoo Son

SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea

H

Hyunho Seok

S

Sihoon Son

SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea

H

Hyunbin Choi

Department of Semiconductor Convergence Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea

G

Geonwook Kim

School of Mechanical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) Suwon‐si Gyeonggi‐do South Korea

G

Geumji Back

Department of Semiconductor Convergence Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea

H

Hyunkyu Kim

SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea

C

Chaerin Park

J

Junmin Ahn

Department of Semiconductor Convergence Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea

S

Seongyun Je

SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea

C

Chaeyoung Im

SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea

J

Junil Cho

School of Mechanical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) Suwon‐si Gyeonggi‐do South Korea

M

Magdalena Grzeszczyk

S

Seongho Kim

1Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, United States

E

Eunseo Go

Semiconductor Manufacturing Research Center Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM) Daejeon South Korea

H

Hyunwoo Shim

Department of Semiconductor Convergence Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea

D

Donghwan Choi

Department of Semiconductor Convergence Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea

M

Muyoung Kim

Semiconductor Manufacturing Research Center Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM) Daejeon South Korea

H

Hyoeng‐U. Kim

School of Mechanical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) Suwon‐si Gyeonggi‐do South Korea

W

Won‐Jun Jang

Center For Quantum Nanoscience Institute For Basic Science (IBS) Seoul South Korea

T

Taesung Kim