Dermcidin has antiviral activity and protects against influenza

P Paula Corell-Escuin (Genomics and Health Unit, Fundació per al Foment de la Investigació Sanitària i Biomèdica de la Comunitat Valenciana - Salut Pública) S Sonia Belmonte-Ballester (Macromolecular Crystallography Unit, Institute of Biomedicine of Valencia, Spanish National Research Council and Biomedical Research Networking Center for Rare Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III) A Anmol Adhav (Macromolecular Crystallography Unit, Institute of Biomedicine of Valencia, Spanish National Research Council and Biomedical Research Networking Center for Rare Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III) A Alberto Marina (Macromolecular Crystallography Unit, Institute of Biomedicine of Valencia, Spanish National Research Council and Biomedical Research Networking Center for Rare Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III) L Laura Gadea-Salom (Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat de València) L Luis Martinez-Gil (Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat de València) E Elnaz Aledavood (Group of Translational Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, Margarita Salas Centre for Biological Research, Spanish National Research Council) A Ana María Fernández-Escamilla (Antiviral Strategies Unit, Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología) A Ana Gómez Sáez (Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center) N Nadine Gougeard (Macromolecular Crystallography Unit, Institute of Biomedicine of Valencia, Spanish National Research Council and Biomedical Research Networking Center for Rare Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III) K Kieran Dee (Medical Research Council-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Science, University of Glasgow) P Pablo R. Murcia (Medical Research Council-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Science, University of Glasgow) E Eliza Adriana Magos (Department of Health of Castellón, Castellón Provincial Hospital Consortium) C Carmen Llena (Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València) C Cristina Peris-Martínez (Unit of Cornea and Anterior Eye Diseases, Fundación de Oftalmología Medica) G Giuseppe D’Auria (Sequencing and Bioinformatics Service, Fundació per al Foment de la Investigació Sanitària i Biomèdica de la Comunitat Valenciana - Salut Pública) A Alejandro Artacho (Genomics and Health Unit, Fundació per al Foment de la Investigació Sanitària i Biomèdica de la Comunitat Valenciana - Salut Pública) B Beatriz Mengual-Chuliá (Genomics and Health Unit, Fundació per al Foment de la Investigació Sanitària i Biomèdica de la Comunitat Valenciana - Salut Pública) F F. Xavier López-Labrador (Genomics and Health Unit, Fundació per al Foment de la Investigació Sanitària i Biomèdica de la Comunitat Valenciana - Salut Pública) A Alex Mira (Genomics and Health Unit, Fundació per al Foment de la Investigació Sanitària i Biomèdica de la Comunitat Valenciana - Salut Pública) M María Desamparados Ferrer (Genomics and Health Unit, Fundació per al Foment de la Investigació Sanitària i Biomèdica de la Comunitat Valenciana - Salut Pública)

Abstract

Despite the high incidence of influenza virus infections, one-fifth of people infected with influenza remain asymptomatic. The mechanisms associated with this immune resilience are, however, unknown. Here, we show that the human antimicrobial peptide dermcidin has antiviral activity against influenza viruses through binding to hemagglutinin and extends its effect to taxonomically unrelated respiratory viruses such as measles virus and human coronavirus OC43. We show that dermcidin is present in all anatomical regions associated with the entry routes of respiratory viruses, that its levels increase during viral respiratory infections, and that it protects mice against influenza disease. Notably, dermcidin levels were higher in asymptomatic individuals than in susceptible peers, suggesting a role in the onset of disease symptoms. Thus, we show that dermcidin inhibits influenza virus infection in vitro and in vivo, with potential as a human-derived product for the prevention and treatment of respiratory viral infections.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 123, Issue 14
Published April 07, 2026
ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher National Academy of Sciences

Authors (21)

P

Paula Corell-Escuin

Genomics and Health Unit, Fundació per al Foment de la Investigació Sanitària i Biomèdica de la Comunitat Valenciana - Salut Pública

S

Sonia Belmonte-Ballester

Macromolecular Crystallography Unit, Institute of Biomedicine of Valencia, Spanish National Research Council and Biomedical Research Networking Center for Rare Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III

A

Anmol Adhav

Macromolecular Crystallography Unit, Institute of Biomedicine of Valencia, Spanish National Research Council and Biomedical Research Networking Center for Rare Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III

A

Alberto Marina

Macromolecular Crystallography Unit, Institute of Biomedicine of Valencia, Spanish National Research Council and Biomedical Research Networking Center for Rare Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III

L

Laura Gadea-Salom

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat de València

L

Luis Martinez-Gil

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat de València

E

Elnaz Aledavood

Group of Translational Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, Margarita Salas Centre for Biological Research, Spanish National Research Council

A

Ana María Fernández-Escamilla

Antiviral Strategies Unit, Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología

A

Ana Gómez Sáez

Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center

N

Nadine Gougeard

Macromolecular Crystallography Unit, Institute of Biomedicine of Valencia, Spanish National Research Council and Biomedical Research Networking Center for Rare Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III

K

Kieran Dee

Medical Research Council-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Science, University of Glasgow

P

Pablo R. Murcia

Medical Research Council-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Science, University of Glasgow

E

Eliza Adriana Magos

Department of Health of Castellón, Castellón Provincial Hospital Consortium

C

Carmen Llena

Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València

C

Cristina Peris-Martínez

Unit of Cornea and Anterior Eye Diseases, Fundación de Oftalmología Medica

G

Giuseppe D’Auria

Sequencing and Bioinformatics Service, Fundació per al Foment de la Investigació Sanitària i Biomèdica de la Comunitat Valenciana - Salut Pública

A

Alejandro Artacho

Genomics and Health Unit, Fundació per al Foment de la Investigació Sanitària i Biomèdica de la Comunitat Valenciana - Salut Pública

B

Beatriz Mengual-Chuliá

Genomics and Health Unit, Fundació per al Foment de la Investigació Sanitària i Biomèdica de la Comunitat Valenciana - Salut Pública

F

F. Xavier López-Labrador

Genomics and Health Unit, Fundació per al Foment de la Investigació Sanitària i Biomèdica de la Comunitat Valenciana - Salut Pública

A

Alex Mira

Genomics and Health Unit, Fundació per al Foment de la Investigació Sanitària i Biomèdica de la Comunitat Valenciana - Salut Pública

M

María Desamparados Ferrer

Genomics and Health Unit, Fundació per al Foment de la Investigació Sanitària i Biomèdica de la Comunitat Valenciana - Salut Pública