Defining the cell and molecular origins of the primate ovarian reserve

S Sissy E. Wamaitha (Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles) E Ernesto J. Rojas F Francesco Monticolo F Fei-man Hsu (Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles) E Enrique Sosa (Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles) A Amanda M. Mackie K Kiana Oyama (Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center) M Maggie Custer (Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center) M Melinda Murphy (Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center) D Diana J. Laird J Jian Shu J Jon D. Hennebold (Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center) A Amander T. Clark (Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles)

Abstract

Abstract The primate ovarian reserve is established during late fetal development and consists of quiescent primordial follicles in the ovarian cortex each composed of granulosa cells surrounding an oocyte in dictate. As late stages of fetal development are not routinely accessible using human tissues, the current study exploits the evolutionary proximity of the rhesus macaque to investigate follicle formation in primates. Like in humans, the rhesus prenatal ovary develops multiple types of pre-granulosa cells in time and space, with primordial follicles deriving from later emerging pre-granulosa subtypes. In addition, our work shows that activated medullary follicles recruit fetal theca cells to establish a two-cell system for sex-steroid hormone production prior to birth, providing a cell-based explanation for mini puberty.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 16, Issue 1
Published August 26, 2025
ISSN 2041-1723
Publisher Nature Portfolio

Journal Info

Nature Communications

Nature Portfolio

ISSN: 2041-1723 Open Access Life Sciences

Authors (13)

S

Sissy E. Wamaitha

Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles

E

Ernesto J. Rojas

F

Francesco Monticolo

F

Fei-man Hsu

Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles

E

Enrique Sosa

Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles

A

Amanda M. Mackie

K

Kiana Oyama

Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center

M

Maggie Custer

Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center

M

Melinda Murphy

Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center

D

Diana J. Laird

J

Jian Shu

J

Jon D. Hennebold

Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center

A

Amander T. Clark

Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles