CRISPR screens identify the ATPase VCP as a druggable therapeutic vulnerability in cholangiocarcinoma

W Wu Yang (State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine) S Siying Wang (State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine) S Shuyi Ji (Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Innovation Center and State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University) J Jian Wang S Shuo Lian (State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine) Z Zhe Li R Robin A. Jansen (Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute) W Wei Wu K Kongyan Niu (State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine) Z Zhen Sun Q Qi Jia J Jiaojiao Zheng (State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine) H Huijue Zhu (State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine) X Xuan Deng (Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University) L Liqin Wang (State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center) Z Zhoulong Fan (Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Antibody-Drug Conjugates with Innovative Target, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences) Y Yaoping Shi (Department of Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine) C Cor Lieftink (Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute) M Ming Guan (Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University) R Roderick L. Beijersbergen W Wenxin Qin (State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine) Q Qiang Gao R René Bernards (State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine) H Haojie Jin (State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital)

Abstract

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) remains a lethal malignancy with limited therapeutic options. Through genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screening, we identified the adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) valosin-containing protein (VCP) as a critical dependency in CCA. Compound screens revealed that the VCP inhibitor CB-5339 potently suppresses CCA proliferation in a panel of patient-derived organoids by inducing cellular senescence. It is known that senescent cells persist, and this can contribute to therapy resistance. To address this, we combined CB-5339 with senolytic agents (ABT-263 and conatumumab), which selectively eliminate senescent CCA cells, resulting in enhanced tumor suppression both in vitro and in vivo. Clinical analysis showed that VCP overexpression in CCA patients correlates with poor prognosis. Our study unveils a “one-two punch” strategy, targeting VCP-mediated senescence followed by senolytic clearance, offering a promising therapeutic approach for CCA.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 122, Issue 39
Published September 30, 2025
ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher National Academy of Sciences

Authors (24)

W

Wu Yang

State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

S

Siying Wang

State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

S

Shuyi Ji

Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Innovation Center and State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University

J

Jian Wang

S

Shuo Lian

State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

Z

Zhe Li

R

Robin A. Jansen

Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute

W

Wei Wu

K

Kongyan Niu

State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

Z

Zhen Sun

Q

Qi Jia

J

Jiaojiao Zheng

State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

H

Huijue Zhu

State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

X

Xuan Deng

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University

L

Liqin Wang

State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center

Z

Zhoulong Fan

Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Antibody-Drug Conjugates with Innovative Target, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Y

Yaoping Shi

Department of Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

C

Cor Lieftink

Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute

M

Ming Guan

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University

R

Roderick L. Beijersbergen

W

Wenxin Qin

State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

Q

Qiang Gao

R

René Bernards

State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

H

Haojie Jin

State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital