Continuous Coupling Mechanism for High Rate Electrosynthesis of Urea on Sulfur‐Coordinated Adjacent Copper Sites

X Xiao Chen S Shuaiqiang Jia (Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering) J Jianxin Zhai (Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering) J Jiapeng Jiao (Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering) M Mengke Dong (Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering) C Cheng Xue (Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering) Z Zhanghui Xia (Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering) T Ting Deng (Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering) H Hailian Cheng (Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering) C Chunjun Chen (Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering) X Xueqing Xing (Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility) H Haihong Wu (Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering) M Mingyuan He (Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering) B Buxing Han (Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,)

Abstract

Abstract The co‐electrolysis of nitrate (NO 3 − ) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) to synthesize urea can satisfy the comprehensive needs of carbon footprint closure, waste valorization, and sustainable urea production. However, designing efficient electrocatalysts to promote the electrocatalytic C─N coupling process and achieve efficient urea production remains a challenge. Here, we design a copper (Cu)‐based coordination polymer catalyst, which can achieve the dual function of promoting C─N coupling and protonation through sulfur (S)‐coordinated adjacent Cu sites. Through the unique Continuous Coupling Mechanism (CCM) of low Gibbs free energy of reaction intermediates (*CO 2  + *NO to *CO 2 NO to *ONCO 2 NO), the resulting catalyst achieved ultra‐high Faradaic efficiency (FE) (84.9 ± 3.1%) and production rate (0.34 ± 0.012 mol h −1 g −1 ). Moreover, the FE and production rate of urea did not change noticeably during at least 90 cycles of testing.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 65, Issue 6
Published February 02, 2026
ISSN 1433-7851
Publisher Wiley

Journal Info

Angewandte Chemie International Edition

Wiley

ISSN: 1433-7851 Physical Sciences

Authors (14)

X

Xiao Chen

S

Shuaiqiang Jia

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering

J

Jianxin Zhai

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering

J

Jiapeng Jiao

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering

M

Mengke Dong

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering

C

Cheng Xue

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering

Z

Zhanghui Xia

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering

T

Ting Deng

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering

H

Hailian Cheng

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering

C

Chunjun Chen

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering

X

Xueqing Xing

Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility

H

Haihong Wu

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering

M

Mingyuan He

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering

B

Buxing Han

Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , , ,