Composition-engineered Sr1−xBaxTiO3 for high-efficiency dielectric resonator antennas in 5G/6G bands

Abstract

Abstract We report Sr 1−x Ba x TiO 3 (x = 0.0–0.4) nanoparticles synthesized by a tartrate-precursor combustion route and evaluate them for sub-6 GHz dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs). Structural (XRD, FTIR), microstructural (SEM/TEM), ferroelectric (P–E), thermal-conductivity, and broadband microwave-dielectric (1–15 GHz) characterizations identify x = 0.1 as the composition with the best balance of moderate effective permittivity, low loss, and stable GHz dispersion. A cylindrical DRA is then designed with Sr 0.9 Ba 0.1 TiO 3 as the matching layer between a Rogers 6010 resonator and a Rogers 4003 feed/ground laminate, and benchmarked against identical-geometry FR-4 and Rogers TMM4 matching layers. Simulated and measured S-parameters confirm efficient impedance matching (|S 11 | min  ≈ − 25 dB; VSWR < 2), high realized gain, and stable radiation across 2.25–3.25 GHz, demonstrating that composition-engineered SBTO is a practical option for 5G/early-6G front-ends.