Cobalt Nanoparticles Confined in Defective Carbon Matrices for Robust Intermittent CO <sub>2</sub> Methanation

J Jingzhong Qin (School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing Jiangsu China) S Shuaishuai Yin (Department of Chemical Physics Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China) C Caizhi Yu (School of Chemistry &amp; Chemical Engineering Anhui University of Technology Ma'anshan Anhui People's Republic of China) Y Yuhang Tao (The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis College of Chemistry and Materials Science Shanghai Normal University Shanghai China) J Jiayu Mu (School of Chemistry &amp; Chemical Engineering Anhui University of Technology Ma'anshan Anhui People's Republic of China) M Menglin Wang J Jiahua Luo (Department of Chemical Physics Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China) L Lei Zhang Y Yuhan Zhou (Department of Chemistry) Z Ziyi Yan (Department of Chemical Physics Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China) L Lijun Zhang (Key Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids of Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science) Y Yunqian Dai (School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing Jiangsu China) W Wenlong Wu (School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering) H Hongliang Li (Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale) J Jie Zeng (School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering)

Abstract

ABSTRACT The development of robust catalysts for CO 2 methanation under intermittent operating conditions is key to harnessing renewable energy sources such as wind and solar. However, this pursuit faces two major obstacles. The heating‐cooling cycles induce prolonged thermal stress, resulting in catalyst deactivation. Moreover, the temperature‐sensitive selectivity hampers the ability to maintain high methane yield, leading to undesired by‐products. Herein, we report cobalt nanoparticles confined within carbon matrices, which achieved 82.3% CO 2 conversion and &gt; 99% CH 4 selectivity over multiple heating‐cooling cycles toward intermittent CO 2 methanation. The catalyst robustness arises from the low coefficient of thermal expansion and high thermal conductivity of the carbon matrix, which effectively mitigates thermal stress during temperature fluctuations. Mechanistic studies confirm that the reaction proceeds via a formate pathway, which contributes to the high CH 4 selectivity across a wide temperature range. These insights provide a design framework for developing robust catalysts, advancing CO 2 methanation performance, and the efficient use of fluctuating renewable energy sources.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 1, Issue 1
Published July 02, 2026
ISSN 1433-7851
Publisher Wiley

Journal Info

Angewandte Chemie International Edition

Wiley

ISSN: 1433-7851 Physical Sciences

Authors (15)

J

Jingzhong Qin

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing Jiangsu China

S

Shuaishuai Yin

Department of Chemical Physics Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China

C

Caizhi Yu

School of Chemistry &amp; Chemical Engineering Anhui University of Technology Ma'anshan Anhui People's Republic of China

Y

Yuhang Tao

The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis College of Chemistry and Materials Science Shanghai Normal University Shanghai China

J

Jiayu Mu

School of Chemistry &amp; Chemical Engineering Anhui University of Technology Ma'anshan Anhui People's Republic of China

M

Menglin Wang

J

Jiahua Luo

Department of Chemical Physics Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China

L

Lei Zhang

Y

Yuhan Zhou

Department of Chemistry

Z

Ziyi Yan

Department of Chemical Physics Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China

L

Lijun Zhang

Key Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids of Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science

Y

Yunqian Dai

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing Jiangsu China

W

Wenlong Wu

School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering

H

Hongliang Li

Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale

J

Jie Zeng

School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering