CDKN1B (p27/kip1) enhances drug-tolerant persister CTCs by restricting polyploidy following mitotic inhibitors

E Elad Horwitz (Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School) T Taronish D. Dubash (Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School) A Annamaria Szabolcs (Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School) B Ben S. Wittner J Johannes Kreuzer (Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School) R Robert Morris (Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School) A Aditya Bardia B Brian Chirn (Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School) D Devon Wiley (Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School) D Dante Che (Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School) H Hunter C. Russell (Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School) X Xcanda Ixchel Herrera Lopez (Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School) D Douglas B. Fox (Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School) E Ezgi Antmen (Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School) R Risa Burr (Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School) D David T. Ting W Wilhelm Haas M Moshe Sade-Feldman (Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School) S Shyamala Maheswaran D Daniel A. Haber

Abstract

The mitotic inhibitor docetaxel (DTX) is often used to treat endocrine-refractory metastatic breast cancer, but initial responses are mitigated as patients develop disease progression. Using a cohort of ex vivo cultured circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from patients with heavily pretreated breast cancer (n=18), we find distinct patterns of response to DTX, which are intrinsic and independent of past clinical treatment with taxanes. In some CTC cultures, treatment with a single dose of DTX results in complete cell killing, associated with accumulation of nonviable polyploid (≥8 N) cells arising from endomitosis. In other CTC cultures, a transient viable drug-tolerant persister (DTP) population emerges, ultimately enabling renewed proliferation of CTCs with preserved parental cell ploidy and restored DTX sensitivity identical to that of the pretreated culture. In these CTCs, efficient cell cycle exit generates a ≤4 N drug-tolerant state dependent on CDKN1B (p27/kip1). Exposure to DTX triggers stabilization of CDKN1B through AKT-mediated phosphorylation at serine 10. Suppression of CDKN1B reduces the number of persister CTCs, increases ≥8 N mitotic cells and abrogates regrowth after DTX exposure. Thus, CDKN1B-mediated suppression of endomitosis contributes to the initiation of a reversible drug-tolerant persister state following mitotic inhibitors in advanced patient-derived breast cancer cells.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 122, Issue 28
Published July 15, 2025
ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher National Academy of Sciences

Authors (20)

E

Elad Horwitz

Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School

T

Taronish D. Dubash

Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School

A

Annamaria Szabolcs

Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School

B

Ben S. Wittner

J

Johannes Kreuzer

Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School

R

Robert Morris

Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School

A

Aditya Bardia

B

Brian Chirn

Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School

D

Devon Wiley

Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School

D

Dante Che

Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School

H

Hunter C. Russell

Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School

X

Xcanda Ixchel Herrera Lopez

Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School

D

Douglas B. Fox

Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School

E

Ezgi Antmen

Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School

R

Risa Burr

Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School

D

David T. Ting

W

Wilhelm Haas

M

Moshe Sade-Feldman

Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School

S

Shyamala Maheswaran

D

Daniel A. Haber