Calumenin prevents fibroblast senescence and lung aging by promoting vimentin proteostasis

T Ting Dong (Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) and State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University) X Xue Jiao (State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University) H Huirui Wang (Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) and State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University) Y Yinghui Gao (Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) and State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University) Y Yuliang Xu (Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) and State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University) H Hui Li S Senbiao Fang (Marine Biomedical Research institute of Qingdao, Ocean University of China) X Xinyi Chen M Mengmeng Wang (Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China) H Hanbing Zhu (State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University) N Nianyu Li (State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University) B Bo Han (Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics) M Mei Qi (Department of Pathology, Shandong University Qilu hospital) K Kaige Lyu (State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College) K Kaicheng Ma (State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College) K Ke Li H Haigen Fu (State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology) B Bowen Gu (Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University) W Wenfei Li (Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University) Y Yingying Qin Z Zi-Jiang Chen (State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University) X Xiaohui Liu (Hydrogen Energy Industry Institute of Jilin Province) H Hongxiang Lou (Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University)

Abstract

Progressive lung fibrosis is linked to aging-related dysfunction in fibroblasts, which remains poorly understood. To investigate the alterations in fibroblasts, particularly the molecular programs driving this profibrotic evolution in the aging lung, we isolated senescent lung fibroblasts from aged mice. We observed aberrant vimentin aggregates, which correlate with accelerated fibroblast senescence. CRISPR-based screening identified calumenin as a chaperone protein essential for vimentin proteostasis. A fibroblast-specific knockout of calumenin promotes the accumulation of vimentin aggregates and profibrotic factors migracytosis, exacerbating fibroblast senescence and lung aging. Mechanistically, calumenin collaborates with the TRiC complex to facilitate proper vimentin folding and recruits the chaperonin subunit Chaperonin Containing TCP1 Subunit 2 (CCT2) to degrade misfolded vimentin aggregates. Pathologically, external profibrotic stimuli trigger calcium transients and induce calumenin degradation, resulting in fibroblast senescence and the initiation of fibrosis. The natural product 9-85, derived from high-content screening, specifically targets and disrupts vimentin aggregates upon stimulation, alleviating aging-related lung fibrosis. Our findings reveal that calumenin coordinates vimentin quality control to shape cell structure and suppress the secretome of senescent fibroblasts, providing a promising therapeutic strategy for aging-related organ fibrosis.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 123, Issue 4
Published January 27, 2026
ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher National Academy of Sciences

Authors (23)

T

Ting Dong

Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) and State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University

X

Xue Jiao

State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University

H

Huirui Wang

Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) and State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University

Y

Yinghui Gao

Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) and State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University

Y

Yuliang Xu

Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) and State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University

H

Hui Li

S

Senbiao Fang

Marine Biomedical Research institute of Qingdao, Ocean University of China

X

Xinyi Chen

M

Mengmeng Wang

Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China

H

Hanbing Zhu

State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University

N

Nianyu Li

State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University

B

Bo Han

Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics

M

Mei Qi

Department of Pathology, Shandong University Qilu hospital

K

Kaige Lyu

State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College

K

Kaicheng Ma

State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College

K

Ke Li

H

Haigen Fu

State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology

B

Bowen Gu

Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University

W

Wenfei Li

Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University

Y

Yingying Qin

Z

Zi-Jiang Chen

State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Women, Children and Reproductive Health, Shandong University

X

Xiaohui Liu

Hydrogen Energy Industry Institute of Jilin Province

H

Hongxiang Lou

Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University