Breast cancer morbidity and role of mammographic screening program in Uzbekistan.

Abstract

e22510 Background: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most important socio - economic problem in Uzbekistan. BС is the most common disease and the main cause of death in Uzbekistan. Mammographic screening for breast cancer is a reasonable, proven and necessary method to ensure the diagnosis of breast cancer in the early stages. The results of many studies clearly show that women who get regular mammograms are more likely to detect breast cancer in the early stages, they also generally do not need "aggressive" treatment such as radical mastectomy and chemotherapy, and are more likely to be treated. Methods: The statistical indicators for analyse the prevalence of BC in Uzbekistan were taken from official statistical report from 2020-2023 years. Uzbekistan has 14 regions with an overall population of about 36 million. Every region was equipped with a digital mammograph (all together 16 fixed and 16 mobile units) with centralized real-time system of registration and reporting using specialized software and hardware. All mammograms were sent to central reading center based at National Cancer Center in Tashkent in real time. Standard BIRADS scoring is used. Age group of women was from 45-65 years. Here we report data from 2023 y. Results: Analysed data of BC in 2020-23 years showed that 16 314 BC patients were registered in Uzbekistan (2020 y-3 317, 2021 y-4 121, 2022 y-4 369, 2023 y-4 507), with average incidence rate 11,3 per 100 000 population. More than 51.3% of new BC cases were detected in early stages and 31,8% in advanced stages. The number of death patients with BC were increased from 1 578 in 2020 y to 1 815 in 2023 y, with mortality rate from 4,7 to 4,9 accordingly. Results of mammographic screening program: A total of 83 576 women were screened. Out of this group 0.3% were found to have BIRADs 5 3,6 % women were found to have BIRADs 4 and BIRADS 1-2 category was reported in 92,4% women. All patients with BIRADs 0-4-5 results were sent for the further examination in regional branches of National cancer Center. Breast cancer were detected in 660 (0,8% from BIRADs 0-4-5) women. Out of this number, 80,8% cases were diagnosed in stage I-II. Conclusions: Carrying out analyse of basic indicators of BC prevalence shows that BC morbidity and mortality has tendency to increase. Screening at the national level in Uzbekistan proved to be feasible. Almost 80% of women were diagnosed at the early stage. Mammographic screening program in Uzbekistan improves early diagnose and reduce mortality from BC in Uzbekistan.