Bioadhesive and conformable bioelectronic interfaces for vasomotoricity monitoring and regulation

Abstract

Abstract The autonomic nervous system (ANS) dynamically regulates vasomotor function to maintain vascular homeostasis, yet current clinical tools lack the capacity to capture its electrophysiological basis, particularly following stent implantation. Herin, we report a bioadhesive and conformable bioelectronic (BACE) interface engineered for effective monitoring and modulation of vasomotoricity. Incorporating silk fibroin-based adhesives, the interface adheres robustly to cylindrical surfaces in aqueous conditions for up to two months. It exhibits low interfacial impedance (6.77 ± 2.13 kΩ at 1 kHz) and background noises (2.63 ± 0.52 μV) in vivo, enabling precise recording of varying vasomotor states. In a stent model, the interface identifies alterations in bioelectrical activity associated with vasomotor dysfunction, validated against ultrasound-derived arterial stiffness as clinical gold standards. Furthermore, we demonstrate a bidirectional system for the detection and modulation of dysfunction to restore vasomotor activity and elasticity. These findings provide insights into vasomotor electrophysiology mechanisms and underscore the therapeutic potential of bioelectronic modulation in vascular disease.