Basic Life Support: 2025 International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation Consensus on Science With Treatment Recommendations
Abstract
The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation conducts continuous review of new, peer-reviewed published cardiopulmonary resuscitation science, and publishes more comprehensive reviews every 5 years. The Basic Life Support Task Force chapter of the 2025 International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation Consensus on Science With Treatment Recommendations addressed all published resuscitation evidence reviewed by the Basic Life Support Task Force science experts since 2020. Topics addressed by systematic reviews in the last year include chest compression–only cardiopulmonary resuscitation, starting cardiopulmonary resuscitation with compressions or airway and breathing, chest compression and ventilation ratios, durations of cardiopulmonary resuscitation cycles, hand positioning during compressions, head-up cardiopulmonary resuscitation, ventilation feedback devices, and pad and paddle size and placement. Members from the Basic Life Support Task Force have assessed, discussed, and debated the quality of the evidence, based on Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria, and their statements include consensus treatment recommendations. Insights into the deliberations of the task force are provided in the Justification and Evidence-to-Decision Framework Highlights sections. In addition, the task force lists priority knowledge gaps for further research.
Article Details
Authors (38)
Janet E. Bray
Michael A. Smyth
From the Warwick Medical School, Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick (K.C., C.J., J.P.N., J.B.L., J.M.M., F.M., C.N., H.N., A.-M.S., M.A.S., K.R.S., S.W., R.L., G.D.P.), and the Critical Care Unit, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust (M.A.S.), Coventry, Devon Air Ambulance (N.L., B.T.) and South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (R.O., S.W.), Exeter, East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Nottingham (R.E.S.S., G.L.S., G.A.W.), East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Cambridge (S.B., T.F.), Kingston University (T.Q.) and London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (R.T.F., J.K., J.F., A.M.-S.), London, North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne (K.C., E.B., M.L.), North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust, Bolton (S.B., A. Wright, M.W.), South Central Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Bicester (C.D.D., M.B., A.C., V.D.), South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust, Crawley (G.B., J.W.), Welsh Ambulance Services University NH...
Gavin D. Perkins
Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
Rebecca E. Cash
Sung Phil Chung
Julie Considine
Katie N. Dainty
Vihara Dassanayake
Guillaume Debaty
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
Maya Dewan
Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
Bridget Dicker
Natasha Dodge
Fredrik Folke
From Prehospital Emergency Medical Services, Central Denmark Region (M.F.V., A.L.P., A.H.P., S.W., L.W.F., C.M., K.B.W., A.B., T.H.D., L.K.R., L.R.M., M.L.L., T.E., A.G.N., C.R., L.W.A.), the Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University (M.F.V., A.G., C.J.T., S.C., L.W.A.), and the Departments of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care (A.G., M.J.H., T.H.D., S.C., C.G.N., B.S., L.W.A.), Cardiology (C.J.T.), and Radiology (E.K.), Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital (T.L.K., F.M.N.), the Center for Prehospital and Emergency Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University and Aalborg University Hospital (E.F.C.), and Emergency Medical Services, North Denmark Region (P.B.), Aalborg, the Prehospital Research Unit (S.M., P.M.H.) and Emergency Medical Services (J.H.H., M.B., L.-G.R.N., M.P., G.K.-A., P.M.H.), Region of Southern Denmark, the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Odense University Hospital (J.H...
Takanari Ikeyama
Carolina Malta Hansen
Nicholas J. Johnson
George Lukas
Anthony Lagina
Siobhan Masterson
Peter T. Morley
Laurie J. Morrison
Ziad Nehme
School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (R.J.B., D.S., D.D., A.B., Z.N., J.E.B.), Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Tatsuya Norii
University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
Violetta Raffay
Giuseppe Ristagno
Aloka Samantaray
Federico Semeraro
Baljit Singh
Christopher M. Smith
Division of Anthropology, American Museum of Natural History
Christian Vaillancourt
Katherine M. Berg
Theresa M. Olasveengen
Stella Le
Lorena Romero
Ingrid Tjelmeland
Anne S. Noerskov
Anne Juul Grabmayr
Lawrence Oonyu