Aurora-A drives sorafenib resistance by scaffolding stress granule assembly via phase separation

L Lingyu Kong (Department of Digestive disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), State Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China) F Fumei Zhong (Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Membraneless Organelle, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China) F Fazhi Yu (Department of Digestive disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), State Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China) T Ting Wang (Department of Radiation Oncology The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital Zhengzhou China) G Gang Wang Y Yu Bai H Han Xia (Department of Digestive disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), State Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China) Z Zihang Pan M Mingxue Liu (Department of Digestive disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), State Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China) Y Yan Zhang R Rui Feng J Jiahai Zhang (Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Membraneless Organelle, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China) Y Yingying Du (Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University) K Kaiguang Zhang (Department of Digestive disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), State Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China) J Jing Guo K Ke Ruan (Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Membraneless Organelle, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China) Z Zhenye Yang (Department of Digestive disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), State Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China)

Abstract

The mitotic kinase Aurora-A is frequently overexpressed in cancers and contributes to tumor progression and therapy resistance, yet the mechanisms underlying its role in drug resistance remain unclear. Here, we show that sorafenib treatment triggers Aurora-A phase separation, leading to its recruitment into stress granules (SGs), membraneless organelles that promote cancer cell survival. Aurora-A facilitates robust SGs assembly, thereby conferring sorafenib resistance. Mechanistically, upon sorafenib-induced SGs formation, Aurora-A binds RNA via positively charged lysine/arginine residues within its intrinsically disordered region (IDR). Mutating these K/R residues with IDR of Aurora-A disrupts its RNA binding, impairs SGs assembly, and resensitizes cancer cells to sorafenib. Together, our work identifies Aurora-A as a kinase-activity-independent, RNA-binding scaffold essential for stress-adaptive biomolecular condensation, revealing a druggable phase-separation axis distinct from canonical Aurora-A kinase signaling.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 123, Issue 17
Published April 28, 2026
ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher National Academy of Sciences

Authors (17)

L

Lingyu Kong

Department of Digestive disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), State Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China

F

Fumei Zhong

Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Membraneless Organelle, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China

F

Fazhi Yu

Department of Digestive disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), State Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China

T

Ting Wang

Department of Radiation Oncology The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital Zhengzhou China

G

Gang Wang

Y

Yu Bai

H

Han Xia

Department of Digestive disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), State Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China

Z

Zihang Pan

M

Mingxue Liu

Department of Digestive disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), State Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China

Y

Yan Zhang

R

Rui Feng

J

Jiahai Zhang

Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Membraneless Organelle, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China

Y

Yingying Du

Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University

K

Kaiguang Zhang

Department of Digestive disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), State Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China

J

Jing Guo

K

Ke Ruan

Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Membraneless Organelle, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China

Z

Zhenye Yang

Department of Digestive disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), State Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China