Augmented CD47 expression impairs alloreactive T-cell clearance after allo-HCT

C Cindy Flamann (1Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany) H Haroon Shaikh (University Hospital Würzburg) C Carina Matos (1Clinic and Polyclinic for Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany) M Marina Kreutz H Hla Ali (4Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany) M Michael A. G. Kern (2Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany) M Maike Büttner-Herold B Benedikt Jacobs (1Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany) S Simon Völkl (Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen–Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany) C Christopher Lischer (1University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Medicine 5 – Haematology and Oncology, Erlangen, Germany) C Christian Kellner (6Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Hemostaseology, Ludwig Maximilian University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany) J Johannes Berges (1University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Medicine 5 – Haematology and Oncology, Erlangen, Germany) K Katrin Bitterer (1University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Medicine 5 – Haematology and Oncology, Erlangen, Germany) D Domenica Saul (1Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany) M Manisha Goel C Cornelia S. Link-Rachner (7Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany) A Alma Zernecke (4Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany) D Daniela Weber D Dimitrios Mougiakakos A Andreas Mackensen (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen–Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany) A Andreas Beilhack (2Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany) H Heiko Bruns (1Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany)

Abstract

Abstract Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) ensues as the most common nonrelapse complication after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). A pivotal goal in GVHD management revolves around quelling inflammation. Phagocytic clearance of inflammatory cells contributes substantially to termination of inflammatory processes. Nevertheless, the precise functions of phagocytosis in GVHD remain largely unclear. In this study, we identified the “do not eat me” signal CD47 as a promising target for therapeutic interventions aimed at eradicating alloreactive T cells subsequent to allo-HCT. Analysis of global data sets revealed a remarkable upregulation of CD47 expression on T cells residing in the ileum of patients with inflamed intestine. Building on this finding, we examined CD47 levels in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) after allo-HCT. Our work not only confirmed upregulated CD47 expression in the GIT of GVHD patients but also identified CD47 on T cells in the ileum of GVHD mice after allo-HCT. Additionally, we found that activated donor T cells suppress antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) via CD47 signaling in vitro. Application of anti-CD47 antibodies significantly invigorated the impaired ADCP of activated T cells. Administering anti-CD47 antibodies to mice elevated phagocytosis of T cells in the GIT, induced immunosuppressive responses, and improved survival. Finally, transplantation of CD47-deficient donor T cells significantly improved clinical GVHD score with improved survival after allo-HCT. Collectively, our findings illuminate CD47 upregulation as a pivotal mechanism in patients with GVHD, leading to impaired phagocytic clearance of alloreactive T cells. This study proposes that anti-CD47 treatment could rectify the compromised phagocytosis of alloreactive T cells, thereby aiding in the resolution of inflammation after allo-HCT.

Article Details

Journal Blood
Volume / Issue Vol. 146, Issue 11
Published September 11, 2025
Pages 1359-1373
ISSN 0006-4971
Publisher Elsevier BV

Journal Info

Blood

Elsevier BV

ISSN: 0006-4971 Health Sciences

Authors (22)

C

Cindy Flamann

1Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany

H

Haroon Shaikh

University Hospital Würzburg

C

Carina Matos

1Clinic and Polyclinic for Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany

M

Marina Kreutz

H

Hla Ali

4Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

M

Michael A. G. Kern

2Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

M

Maike Büttner-Herold

B

Benedikt Jacobs

1Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany

S

Simon Völkl

Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen–Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany

C

Christopher Lischer

1University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Medicine 5 – Haematology and Oncology, Erlangen, Germany

C

Christian Kellner

6Division of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapeutics and Hemostaseology, Ludwig Maximilian University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany

J

Johannes Berges

1University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Medicine 5 – Haematology and Oncology, Erlangen, Germany

K

Katrin Bitterer

1University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Medicine 5 – Haematology and Oncology, Erlangen, Germany

D

Domenica Saul

1Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany

M

Manisha Goel

C

Cornelia S. Link-Rachner

7Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany

A

Alma Zernecke

4Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

D

Daniela Weber

D

Dimitrios Mougiakakos

A

Andreas Mackensen

Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen–Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany

A

Andreas Beilhack

2Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

H

Heiko Bruns

1Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany