Association of long COVID with health-related quality-of-life outcomes

M Malini M. Gandhi C Carlee Moser J Judith S. Currier (Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles) J Justin Ritz J Joseph J. Eron E Eric S. Daar D David A. Wohl W William A. Fischer M Michael D. Hughes D Davey M. Smith K Kara W. Chew D Davey Smith (Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla) A Arzhang Cyrus Javan (Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD) M Mark Giganti L Lara Hosey (Advancing Clinical Therapeutics Network Coordinating Center, DLH, Atlanta) J Jhoanna Roa N Nilam Patel K Kelly Colsh I Irene Rwakazina J Justine Beck S Scott Sieg J Jonathan Li (Cancer Biology Department, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan) C Courtney Fletcher S Sandra Cardoso K Katya Corado N Nikolaus Jilg A Alan Perelson C Cynthia Riviere B Babafemi Taiwo J Joan Gottesman M Matthew Newell S Susan Pedersen J Joan Dragavon C Cheryl Jennings B Brian Greenfelder W William Murtaugh J Jan Kosmyna M Morgan Gapara A Akbar Shahkolahi D David Margolis P Paul Klekotka R Robert A. Gasser R Rick Finnegan E Edgar Charles B Bob Szurgot M Mark J. Main V Verónica Lacal D Diego Salusso S Sebastian Nuñez M Marcelo Rodrigo Rodriguez L Luciana Laborde M Marcelo Papasidero L Luis Wehbe M Mariana Gonzalez F Felicitas Fernandez Voena T Tomas Alvarez A Amaru Lopez V Virginia Huhn U Ulises D´Andrea Nores P Pablo Dieser F Fernando Bordese M Marisa Mussi R Rodrigo de Carvalho Santana A Adriana Aparecida Tiraboschi Bárbaro B Breno Santos (Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição, Porto Alegre, Brazil) R Rita de Cássia Alves Lira A Andre Luiz Machado da Silva S Sandra Wagner Cardoso M Maria Pia Diniz Ribeiro N Nathália Soliva E Eduardo Vasconcellos J Jorge Eurico Ribeiro M Miriam Amaral Enéas J Jorge Pinto J Julia Fonseca de Morais Caporali F Flávia Gomes Faleiro Ferreira N Norma Erendira Rivera Martinez V Victor Casildo Bohorquez Lopez M Melchor Victor Frias K Krystle Fetalvero A Alyxzza Maranan J Jennifer Rosa T Thomas Coetzer M Maureen Mohata U Umesh Lalloo S Sandy Pillay P Penelope Madlala L Larisha Pillay-Ramaya J Jaclyn Ann Bennet N Noluthando Mwelase N Nokuphiwa Mbhele F Frederick Petrick L Leonard Joubert R Rose Mbali N Natasha Joseph M Mmatsie Manentsa E Eugene van der Walt M Mduduzi Sandile Lawrance Masilela Z Zinhle Zwane T Tendai Chiperera L Lerato Mohapi S Suri Moonsamy U Usha Singh K Kirsten McHarry E Elizma Snyman P Pieter Lennox J James Craig Innes O Oteng Letlape O Olebogeng Jonkane W William Brumskine T Tania Adonis N Ni Ni Sein M Modulakgotla Sebe Y Yacoob Vahed N Nazreen Jeewa Hussen I Ismail Mitha V Vasundhara Cheekati P Purna Cheekati C Christie Lummus S Samuel Idarraga A Andrew Kim D David N. Pham W Wei-Hsin Kao M Michael M. Pfeffer M Miriam Batule Dominguez A Anju Malik A Anna Bryan M Melanie Arnold I Idania Fernandez C Cinzia Karpf A Aniuska Ruiz D David Taylor E Eric Folkens J Jennifer Manne S Sigal Yawetz C Cheryl Keenan E Emeka Eziri C Carl Fichtenbaum J Jenifer Baer S Sarah Trentman R Robert Call L Leroy Vaughan A Aaron Milstone J Jamie Alex Slandzicki J Jessica Wallan C Clinton Guillory N Nancy Andrews L Leslie Hughes T Teresa H. Evering J Jonathan Berardi (Division of Infectious Diseases, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark) C Celine Arar R Randall Quinn J Jorge P. Amaya M Marissa Gomez-Martinez L Luis Cantu M Monica Betancourt-Garcia N Nwora Lance Okeke C Charles M. Burns F Fadi Haddad V Victoria Haddad A Augusto Focil G Griselda Rosas S Susana Moyano Y Yaneicy Gonzalez Rojas A Ahmad Aswad Y Yevgeniy Bukhman M Manish Jain E Eugene Bukhman H Humam Farah R Rebekah McClain E Eric Daar S Sadia Shaik T Timothy Hatlen D Deepa Gotur J Joseph Surber J Jeffrey Kingsley A April Pixler A Alex Zopo R Ramon Leon B Boris Nikolov F Fernando Gonzalez Vergara A Ana I. Gonzalez N Noemi Gonzalez M Michael Gelman O Olga Andriunas Z Zarema Jagizarov J Jan Westerman D David Davis D Donna Sherer K Kelly Dooley B Becky Becker A Adaliah Wilkins J Jose Pérez E Eloy Roman H Heriberto Fernández B Bharat Mocherla K Kelly Beck V Valarie Maldonado J Jennifer Veltman R Rajesh Gandhi K Katrina Shea M Matthew Planchon L Laura Bogan Herpel K Kaushlendra K. Tripathi D Donald C. Day J John Pullman E Erin Williams-Leber M Misty Johnson M Michelle Hecker A Ann Avery K Keila Hoover G George W. Monlux E Elizabeth Juneja A Arthur Wernick K Karelia Ruiz M Maureen Hernández Y Yadilys Pérez B Babafemi O. Taiwo C Claudia Hawkins B Baiba Berzins C Carlos Malvestutto H Heather Harber R Robyn Cicarella E Edwin DeJesus C Charlotte-Paige Rolle A Almena L. Free S Sallie D. Pulliam D Debra Weinstein R Rosa M. Suarez E Ezequiel Socorro E Estefania Socorro G Gene Neytman J Jack Herman C Craig Herman R Raymond Easley M Mariam Aziz J Joan Swiatek A Avish Nagpal B Breanna Kompelien K Kathryn McEvoy S Susan E. Hoover A Allison Lutz J Jessica Just M Manuel Hernandez Y Yanly B. Victoria G Gabriel Rodríguez U Upinder Singh P Prasanna Jagannathan D Divya Pathak J Joshua J. Ordway M Megan Heffner P Patrick Weston K Khalilah Weston M Madhu Choudhary J Jennifer Sullivano O Olayemi Osiyemi M Myriam Izquierdo O Odelsey Torna B Brian Clemency R Renoj Varughese J Joshua Lynch K Kara Chew A Aleen Khodabakhshian S Samantha Fortier C Christopher Coyne A Alexandrea Cronin C Constance Benson S Steven Hendrickx R Rosemarie Ramirez A Anne Luetkemeyer S Suzanne Hendler D Dennis Dentoni-Lasofsky M Mobeen Rathore S Saniyyah Mahmoudi A Amna Riaz M Mario Castro L Leslie Spikes C Chase Hall D David Wohl J Jonathan Oakes A Amy James Loftis P Pablo Tebas W William Short M Michael P. Dube S Saahir Khan L Luis M. Mendez R Rachel Bender Ignacio S Sarah McGuffin C Chris Jonsson M Mamta K. Jain S Smruthi Senthil K Kimberly Turner-Gray S Sanjay Mehta D David Davey Smith M Mary Lewinski M Masoud Azizad C Christopher Chow L Lisa Nakatani D Derrick Williamson H Hisham Atriss M Matthew Caloura M Midhun Malla H Hannah Hazard-Jenkins A Aimee Wilkin J Jamraus Fayssoux H Hannah Seagle R Rachel Presti A Alem Haile

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 16, Issue 1
Published March 19, 2026
ISSN 2045-2322
Publisher Nature Portfolio

Journal Info

Scientific Reports

Nature Portfolio

ISSN: 2045-2322 Open Access Life Sciences

Authors (308)

M

Malini M. Gandhi

C

Carlee Moser

J

Judith S. Currier

Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles

J

Justin Ritz

J

Joseph J. Eron

E

Eric S. Daar

D

David A. Wohl

W

William A. Fischer

M

Michael D. Hughes

D

Davey M. Smith

K

Kara W. Chew

D

Davey Smith

Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla

A

Arzhang Cyrus Javan

Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD

M

Mark Giganti

L

Lara Hosey

Advancing Clinical Therapeutics Network Coordinating Center, DLH, Atlanta

J

Jhoanna Roa

N

Nilam Patel

K

Kelly Colsh

I

Irene Rwakazina

J

Justine Beck

S

Scott Sieg

J

Jonathan Li

Cancer Biology Department, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan

C

Courtney Fletcher

S

Sandra Cardoso

K

Katya Corado

N

Nikolaus Jilg

A

Alan Perelson

C

Cynthia Riviere

B

Babafemi Taiwo

J

Joan Gottesman

M

Matthew Newell

S

Susan Pedersen

J

Joan Dragavon

C

Cheryl Jennings

B

Brian Greenfelder

W

William Murtaugh

J

Jan Kosmyna

M

Morgan Gapara

A

Akbar Shahkolahi

D

David Margolis

P

Paul Klekotka

R

Robert A. Gasser

R

Rick Finnegan

E

Edgar Charles

B

Bob Szurgot

M

Mark J. Main

V

Verónica Lacal

D

Diego Salusso

S

Sebastian Nuñez

M

Marcelo Rodrigo Rodriguez

L

Luciana Laborde

M

Marcelo Papasidero

L

Luis Wehbe

M

Mariana Gonzalez

F

Felicitas Fernandez Voena

T

Tomas Alvarez

A

Amaru Lopez

V

Virginia Huhn

U

Ulises D´Andrea Nores

P

Pablo Dieser

F

Fernando Bordese

M

Marisa Mussi

R

Rodrigo de Carvalho Santana

A

Adriana Aparecida Tiraboschi Bárbaro

B

Breno Santos

Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição, Porto Alegre, Brazil

R

Rita de Cássia Alves Lira

A

Andre Luiz Machado da Silva

S

Sandra Wagner Cardoso

M

Maria Pia Diniz Ribeiro

N

Nathália Soliva

E

Eduardo Vasconcellos

J

Jorge Eurico Ribeiro

M

Miriam Amaral Enéas

J

Jorge Pinto

J

Julia Fonseca de Morais Caporali

F

Flávia Gomes Faleiro Ferreira

N

Norma Erendira Rivera Martinez

V

Victor Casildo Bohorquez Lopez

M

Melchor Victor Frias

K

Krystle Fetalvero

A

Alyxzza Maranan

J

Jennifer Rosa

T

Thomas Coetzer

M

Maureen Mohata

U

Umesh Lalloo

S

Sandy Pillay

P

Penelope Madlala

L

Larisha Pillay-Ramaya

J

Jaclyn Ann Bennet

N

Noluthando Mwelase

N

Nokuphiwa Mbhele

F

Frederick Petrick

L

Leonard Joubert

R

Rose Mbali

N

Natasha Joseph

M

Mmatsie Manentsa

E

Eugene van der Walt

M

Mduduzi Sandile Lawrance Masilela

Z

Zinhle Zwane

T

Tendai Chiperera

L

Lerato Mohapi

S

Suri Moonsamy

U

Usha Singh

K

Kirsten McHarry

E

Elizma Snyman

P

Pieter Lennox

J

James Craig Innes

O

Oteng Letlape

O

Olebogeng Jonkane

W

William Brumskine

T

Tania Adonis

N

Ni Ni Sein

M

Modulakgotla Sebe

Y

Yacoob Vahed

N

Nazreen Jeewa Hussen

I

Ismail Mitha

V

Vasundhara Cheekati

P

Purna Cheekati

C

Christie Lummus

S

Samuel Idarraga

A

Andrew Kim

D

David N. Pham

W

Wei-Hsin Kao

M

Michael M. Pfeffer

M

Miriam Batule Dominguez

A

Anju Malik

A

Anna Bryan

M

Melanie Arnold

I

Idania Fernandez

C

Cinzia Karpf

A

Aniuska Ruiz

D

David Taylor

E

Eric Folkens

J

Jennifer Manne

S

Sigal Yawetz

C

Cheryl Keenan

E

Emeka Eziri

C

Carl Fichtenbaum

J

Jenifer Baer

S

Sarah Trentman

R

Robert Call

L

Leroy Vaughan

A

Aaron Milstone

J

Jamie Alex Slandzicki

J

Jessica Wallan

C

Clinton Guillory

N

Nancy Andrews

L

Leslie Hughes

T

Teresa H. Evering

J

Jonathan Berardi

Division of Infectious Diseases, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark

C

Celine Arar

R

Randall Quinn

J

Jorge P. Amaya

M

Marissa Gomez-Martinez

L

Luis Cantu

M

Monica Betancourt-Garcia

N

Nwora Lance Okeke

C

Charles M. Burns

F

Fadi Haddad

V

Victoria Haddad

A

Augusto Focil

G

Griselda Rosas

S

Susana Moyano

Y

Yaneicy Gonzalez Rojas

A

Ahmad Aswad

Y

Yevgeniy Bukhman

M

Manish Jain

E

Eugene Bukhman

H

Humam Farah

R

Rebekah McClain

E

Eric Daar

S

Sadia Shaik

T

Timothy Hatlen

D

Deepa Gotur

J

Joseph Surber

J

Jeffrey Kingsley

A

April Pixler

A

Alex Zopo

R

Ramon Leon

B

Boris Nikolov

F

Fernando Gonzalez Vergara

A

Ana I. Gonzalez

N

Noemi Gonzalez

M

Michael Gelman

O

Olga Andriunas

Z

Zarema Jagizarov

J

Jan Westerman

D

David Davis

D

Donna Sherer

K

Kelly Dooley

B

Becky Becker

A

Adaliah Wilkins

J

Jose Pérez

E

Eloy Roman

H

Heriberto Fernández

B

Bharat Mocherla

K

Kelly Beck

V

Valarie Maldonado

J

Jennifer Veltman

R

Rajesh Gandhi

K

Katrina Shea

M

Matthew Planchon

L

Laura Bogan Herpel

K

Kaushlendra K. Tripathi

D

Donald C. Day

J

John Pullman

E

Erin Williams-Leber

M

Misty Johnson

M

Michelle Hecker

A

Ann Avery

K

Keila Hoover

G

George W. Monlux

E

Elizabeth Juneja

A

Arthur Wernick

K

Karelia Ruiz

M

Maureen Hernández

Y

Yadilys Pérez

B

Babafemi O. Taiwo

C

Claudia Hawkins

B

Baiba Berzins

C

Carlos Malvestutto

H

Heather Harber

R

Robyn Cicarella

E

Edwin DeJesus

C

Charlotte-Paige Rolle

A

Almena L. Free

S

Sallie D. Pulliam

D

Debra Weinstein

R

Rosa M. Suarez

E

Ezequiel Socorro

E

Estefania Socorro

G

Gene Neytman

J

Jack Herman

C

Craig Herman

R

Raymond Easley

M

Mariam Aziz

J

Joan Swiatek

A

Avish Nagpal

B

Breanna Kompelien

K

Kathryn McEvoy

S

Susan E. Hoover

A

Allison Lutz

J

Jessica Just

M

Manuel Hernandez

Y

Yanly B. Victoria

G

Gabriel Rodríguez

U

Upinder Singh

P

Prasanna Jagannathan

D

Divya Pathak

J

Joshua J. Ordway

M

Megan Heffner

P

Patrick Weston

K

Khalilah Weston

M

Madhu Choudhary

J

Jennifer Sullivano

O

Olayemi Osiyemi

M

Myriam Izquierdo

O

Odelsey Torna

B

Brian Clemency

R

Renoj Varughese

J

Joshua Lynch

K

Kara Chew

A

Aleen Khodabakhshian

S

Samantha Fortier

C

Christopher Coyne

A

Alexandrea Cronin

C

Constance Benson

S

Steven Hendrickx

R

Rosemarie Ramirez

A

Anne Luetkemeyer

S

Suzanne Hendler

D

Dennis Dentoni-Lasofsky

M

Mobeen Rathore

S

Saniyyah Mahmoudi

A

Amna Riaz

M

Mario Castro

L

Leslie Spikes

C

Chase Hall

D

David Wohl

J

Jonathan Oakes

A

Amy James Loftis

P

Pablo Tebas

W

William Short

M

Michael P. Dube

S

Saahir Khan

L

Luis M. Mendez

R

Rachel Bender Ignacio

S

Sarah McGuffin

C

Chris Jonsson

M

Mamta K. Jain

S

Smruthi Senthil

K

Kimberly Turner-Gray

S

Sanjay Mehta

D

David Davey Smith

M

Mary Lewinski

M

Masoud Azizad

C

Christopher Chow

L

Lisa Nakatani

D

Derrick Williamson

H

Hisham Atriss

M

Matthew Caloura

M

Midhun Malla

H

Hannah Hazard-Jenkins

A

Aimee Wilkin

J

Jamraus Fayssoux

H

Hannah Seagle

R

Rachel Presti

A

Alem Haile