Antigen persistence and TLR stimulation contribute to induction of a durable HIV-1-specific neutralizing antibody response

K Kenta Matsuda M Mitra Harrison E Eleanor Wettstein J Jessica Pederson A Alyssa A. Pullano L Lyuba Bolkhovitinov B Breanna Kim I Isabel Steinberg T Trevor Griesman S Sarah Stuccio D Daniel Rogan A Andy Patamawenu T Tulley Shofner N Nathaniel E. Wright J Jonathan D. Webber F Freya van’t Veer R Rachel Roenicke E Emma Koory P Peyton M. Roeder E Ellison Ober B Benjamin Leach Y Yaroslav Tsybovsky T Tyler Stephens I Ivan Del Moral-Sanchez I Ilja Bontjer L Lori W. McGinnes-Cullen E Eric Chu J Jason Liang J Jonathan L. Torres (Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute) R Ryan N. Lin A Andy S. Tran G Gabrielle Dziubla L Leonid Serebryannyy S Sandeep Narpala B Bob Lin M Mike Castro G Gabriel Ozorowski A Andrew B. Ward R Rogier W. Sanders (Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam) P Peter D. Kwong J Javier Guenaga R Richard Wyatt T Trudy Morrison M Mark Connors

Abstract

Abstract HIV-1 Env glycoprotein (Env) immunogenicity is limited in part by structural instability and extensive glycan shielding and is likely the greatest obstacle to an HIV-1 vaccine. Stabilized Env trimers can elicit serum neutralizing antibodies, but the response is short-lived. Here we use Newcastle Disease Virus-like particle (NDV-VLP) platform to present stabilized versions of HIV-1 Env at high valency and in the context of varied conformational stability, adjuvants, dose, and antigen persistence. Influenza virus hemagglutinin, or SARS-CoV2 Spike-bearing VLPs rapidly induce neutralizing antibodies, in contrast, they were not induced by those bearing Env. A replicating adenovirus type 4 expressing Env rapidly induces autologous neutralizing antibodies. However, durable neutralizing antibodies are induced only when multiple features of a replicating virus infection are combined, with the largest impact from dose and escalating dose. In summary, we show here immunogenicity of HIV-1 Env could be improved by reproducing features of virus infection.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 16, Issue 1
Published June 03, 2025
ISSN 2041-1723
Publisher Nature Portfolio

Journal Info

Nature Communications

Nature Portfolio

ISSN: 2041-1723 Open Access Life Sciences

Authors (44)

K

Kenta Matsuda

M

Mitra Harrison

E

Eleanor Wettstein

J

Jessica Pederson

A

Alyssa A. Pullano

L

Lyuba Bolkhovitinov

B

Breanna Kim

I

Isabel Steinberg

T

Trevor Griesman

S

Sarah Stuccio

D

Daniel Rogan

A

Andy Patamawenu

T

Tulley Shofner

N

Nathaniel E. Wright

J

Jonathan D. Webber

F

Freya van’t Veer

R

Rachel Roenicke

E

Emma Koory

P

Peyton M. Roeder

E

Ellison Ober

B

Benjamin Leach

Y

Yaroslav Tsybovsky

T

Tyler Stephens

I

Ivan Del Moral-Sanchez

I

Ilja Bontjer

L

Lori W. McGinnes-Cullen

E

Eric Chu

J

Jason Liang

J

Jonathan L. Torres

Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute

R

Ryan N. Lin

A

Andy S. Tran

G

Gabrielle Dziubla

L

Leonid Serebryannyy

S

Sandeep Narpala

B

Bob Lin

M

Mike Castro

G

Gabriel Ozorowski

A

Andrew B. Ward

R

Rogier W. Sanders

Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam

P

Peter D. Kwong

J

Javier Guenaga

R

Richard Wyatt

T

Trudy Morrison

M

Mark Connors