Analysis of cfDNA fragmentomics metrics and commercial targeted sequencing panels

K Kyle T. Helzer M Marina N. Sharifi J Jamie M. Sperger M Matthew R. Chrostek M Matthew L. Bootsma S Shannon R. Reese A Amy Taylor K Katie R. Kaufmann H Hannah Krause J Jennifer Schehr N Nan Sethakorn D David Kosoff C Christos E. Kyriakopoulos (Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center) M Michael Bassetti G Grace Blitzer J John Floberg M Martin Sjöström A Andrew J. Armstrong H Himisha Beltran R Rana R. McKay (Department of Medicine, Urology, and Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences University of California‐San Diego La Jolla California USA) F Felix Y. Feng R Ruth O’Regan K Kari B. Wisinski H Hamid Emamekhoo A Alex W. Wyatt J Joshua M. Lang (Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison) S Shuang G. Zhao

Abstract

Abstract Fragmentomics based analysis of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) has recently emerged as a method to infer epigenetic and transcriptional data. Many of these reports analyze whole genome sequencing (WGS) which is not readily available clinically. Targeted exon panels are used for clinical cfDNA variant calling. In this report, we conduct an investigation of multiple published fragmentomics methods for WGS, but on cancer exon panels. We find that strategies utilizing normalized depth metrics, as well as all exons present on the panel, generally allow for better prediction of cancer phenotypes across a range of tumor fractions, though other metrics work particularly well in specific applications. Additionally, genes from commercial clinical targeted sequencing panels could be similarly employed for cancer phenotyping with a minimal decrease in performance despite their smaller genomic coverage. These results suggest that fragmentomics-based analysis of cfDNA can utilize targeted sequencing panels and does not necessarily require additional WGS.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 16, Issue 1
Published October 14, 2025
ISSN 2041-1723
Publisher Nature Portfolio

Journal Info

Nature Communications

Nature Portfolio

ISSN: 2041-1723 Open Access Life Sciences

Authors (27)

K

Kyle T. Helzer

M

Marina N. Sharifi

J

Jamie M. Sperger

M

Matthew R. Chrostek

M

Matthew L. Bootsma

S

Shannon R. Reese

A

Amy Taylor

K

Katie R. Kaufmann

H

Hannah Krause

J

Jennifer Schehr

N

Nan Sethakorn

D

David Kosoff

C

Christos E. Kyriakopoulos

Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center

M

Michael Bassetti

G

Grace Blitzer

J

John Floberg

M

Martin Sjöström

A

Andrew J. Armstrong

H

Himisha Beltran

R

Rana R. McKay

Department of Medicine, Urology, and Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences University of California‐San Diego La Jolla California USA

F

Felix Y. Feng

R

Ruth O’Regan

K

Kari B. Wisinski

H

Hamid Emamekhoo

A

Alex W. Wyatt

J

Joshua M. Lang

Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison

S

Shuang G. Zhao