An investigation into the physico-chemical characteristics and performance of surface-treated areca fibers

Abstract

Abstract This research explores chemical and mechanical treatments to enhance the properties of areca husk fibers, an abundant resource in Karnataka. A primary focus of this work is the comprehensive characterization of these fibers. Fibers, averaging 35 mm in length and 300 $$\mu m$$ in diameter, were extracted from the husk. Chemical analysis revealed a predominantly cellulose composition with low lignin content. Following extraction, the fibers underwent alkaline treatment, and their physical, mechanical, and chemical characteristics were thoroughly assessed. Significant improvements in mechanical properties, including tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and elongation at break, were observed after alkaline treatment. The microfibrillar angle was theoretically estimated, and the calculated theoretical strength was compared with experimental results. Morphological analysis further elucidated the fiber’s structural characteristics. Overall, areca fiber properties were found to be comparable to other natural fibers, highlighting their potential for developing eco-friendly and cost-effective composites.