Abstract 4369281: Demographic Disparities in Tafamidis Treatment and Clinical Outcomes Across the United States

Abstract

Introduction: Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) is a progressive, often fatal disease. A better understanding of demographic disparities in diagnosis and treatment is crucial to optimize care and improve outcomes across diverse patient (pt) populations. Objectives: To evaluate potential differences in initiation of tafamidis, the only approved ATTR-CM therapy at the time of the study, and subsequent clinical outcomes by gender and race. We hypothesized that significant demographic differences exist in treatment patterns and clinical outcomes. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis using the US Komodo Healthcare Map ® (01/2016-06/2024). Pts with amyloidosis ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes were identified and followed from diagnosis to tafamidis initiation and cardiovascular-related hospitalization (CVH) or death. Cumulative incidence of treatment initiation and survival probabilities were stratified by gender and race. Results: We identified 11,311 pts with ATTR-CM (63.9% men [mean age, 73.5 y] and 36.1% women [mean age, 72.4 y]). After diagnosis, women had a significantly lower cumulative incidence of tafamidis initiation compared to men at all time points ( P <0.001). At 3 mo after diagnosis, the cumulative incidence was 9.9% among women versus 19.9% among men; by 12 mo, this gap persisted (14.5% vs 28.5%). Race further compounded these disparities ( P <0.001; Figure 1 ). At 12 mo, White men had the highest cumulative incidence of initiation (31.0%), followed by Black men (26.7%), Black women (22.0%), and White women (11.4%). CVH or death occurred in 57.7% of women versus 53.6% of men. Event-free survival at 12 mo was lowest in Black women (42.9%) versus Black men (46.8%), White women (48.6%), and White men (54.4%) ( P <0.001; Figure 2 ). Black women experienced the shortest median (95% CI) time to CVH or death (8.0 mo [6.8-10.0]), followed by Black men (9.9 mo [8.8-12.0]), White women (11.0 mo [9.6-13.0]), and White men (15.0 mo [14.0-16.0]; Table ). Conclusion: This large-scale analysis of a US cohort suggests existing gender and racial disparities in tafamidis treatment initiation and outcomes in ATTR-CM. White women had the lowest rates of tafamidis initiation, while Black women had the worst clinical outcomes, highlighting a compounded disparity in treatment and survival by gender and race. These findings underscore the urgent need to address demographic-based disparities and ensure equitable care for all pts with ATTR-CM.