Abstract 4369095: Baseline Left Atrial Strain as a Predictor of MACE, Heart Failure, Cardiotoxicity, and All-Cause Mortality in Lymphoma Patients Prior to Anthracycline Therapy

Abstract

Background: Left atrial (LA) strain, measured by two-dimensional speckle tracking (2D-STE), has not been explored in lymphoma patients before anthracycline treatment as a prognostic marker for predicting future major adverse cardiovascular effects (MACE), heart failure, cardiotoxicity, and all-cause mortality after treatment. Hypothesis: Can an abnormal baseline LA peak reservoir strain (LA RS) measured before anthracycline chemotherapy predict MACE, heart failure, cardiotoxicity, and all-cause mortality in lymphoma patients? Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted including 104 patients diagnosed with Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, enrolled and followed from January 1, 2013, to June 30, 2023. LA RS was measured in a dedicated 4 chamber view (TomTec Imaging Systems, Unterschleissheim, Germany), abnormal values defined as less than 35%. Univariate Cox regression analyses were performed to assess whether the LA RS was associated with the development of MACE, cardiotoxicity, heart failure, and all-cause mortality. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to adjust for comorbidities. Associations with outcomes were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression. Results: Among 104 patients (mean age of 59 years; [IQR], 49–70), 69 (66.3%) were male and 102 (98.1%) were white. MACE occurred in 19 patients, heart failure in 14 patients, and cardiotoxicity was observed in 4 patients. Additionally, all-cause mortality was found in 19 patients (18.3%). Abnormal LA RS was significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality (HR 3.12, 95% CI 1.02–9.53, p=0.0454) (Figure c), even after adjusting for hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking status, gender and age (Figure d). No significant associations were found between LA RS and MACE (HR 1.42, 95% CI 0.56-3.62, p=0.4604) (Figure a), heart failure (HR 1.12, 95% CI 0.38-3.24, p=0.8299), or cardiotoxicity (HR 3.23, 95% CI 0.33-31.47, p=0.3128) (Figure b). Conclusions: Abnormal baseline LA strain measured by echocardiography is an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in lymphoma patients. These findings support the use of LA strain assessment into initial risk stratification protocols, providing particular value in identifying patients at increased risk of mortality.