Abstract 4368211: Reversible Right Ventricular Dysfunction Secondary to Metastatic Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma

Abstract

Presentation: A 78-year-old female with hypertension and chronic kidney disease was discharged from an outside hospital after a diagnostic and therapeutic pericardiocentesis with cytology indicating B-cell lymphoma. Prior to outpatient follow up, she presented with worsening dyspnea. She was hemodynamically stable. Hs troponin T was 949 ng/L and pro-BTNP 12,015 pg/mL. EKG - sinus rhythm with 1 st degree AV block. Transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) revealed a small pericardial effusion and a large mass that infiltrated the free wall of the right ventricle (RV) (figure 1). RV systolic function was severely reduced with RV free wall strain (RVFWS) -0.4%. Cardiac MRI (CMRI) showed thickening and edema consistent with extensive infiltration from B-cell lymphoma of the RV free wall, RA, basal anteroseptum of the LV, and circumferentially in the atrioventricular groove (figure 1). Quantitative LVEF was 48% with focal hypokinesis of the basal septum. RVEF was 32% with akinesis of most of the RV free wall. Bone marrow biopsy confirmed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. She was initiated on DA-EPOCH-R in the CCU without complication. Serial TTE showed rapid regression of lymphoma after 1 cycle with normalization of RV function RVFWS -22.3%. Discussion: Primary cardiac lymphoma is rare, but secondary cardiac lymphoma occurs in ~25% of disseminated cases. B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas are the most common subtype that metastasize to the heart 1 . Clinical manifestations depend on tumor location, size, and extent of myocardial/pericardial invasion 2 . Patients report dyspnea (64%), chest pain (24%), and constitutional symptoms 1 . Arrhythmias and heart block can occur with conduction system involvement. RA and RV are the most common sites of cardiac lesions, often with extension to adjacent pericardium and involvement of multiple chambers 1 . TTE and CMRI may show wall thickening, endocardial/epicardial involvement, invasion of coronary vasculature, and effusions 2 . In our patient, extensive infiltration of the RV free wall resulted in heart failure. TTE with RV strain identified RV dysfunction secondary to tumor infiltration and subsequent rapid improvement following initiation of chemotherapy. CMRI was useful to fully characterize the location and extent of cardiac infiltration. 1. Jeudy J et al. Cardiac Lymphoma. Radiol Clin North Am. 2016 Jul;54(4):689-710. 2. Bonelli A et al. Cardiac lymphoma with early response to chemotherapy. J Nucl Cardiol. 2022 Dec;29(6):3044-3056. Epub 2021 Mar 11.