Abdominal ultrasound activates afferent vagus nerve fibers and induces anti-inflammatory effects

K Kotaro Shimoyama (Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University) M Mamoru Tanida (Department of Physiology II, Kanazawa Medical University) J Jun Aruga (Department of Medical Pharmacology, Nagasaki University Institute of Biomedical Sciences) T Tomohiro Furusato (Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Nagasaki University) C Chia-Hsien Wu (Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University) Y Yasuna Nakamura (Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University) D Daisuke Takahashi (Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University) G Go Kanzaki (Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine) A Atsuhiro Maeda (Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University) T Takao Shioya (Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University) N Nobuo Tsuboi (Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine) C Chikara Abe (Department of Physiology, University of Fukui School of Medical Sciences) T Takashi Yokoo R Ryusuke Umene (Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University) T Tsuyoshi Inoue

Abstract

Abdominal ultrasound has emerged as a noninvasive modality with immunomodulatory potential. Although its anti-inflammatory effects have been demonstrated in various disease models, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Previous studies suggest that ultrasound promotes anti-inflammatory macrophage polarization via α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) signaling in the spleen. However, the upstream events initiating this response have not been elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that abdominal ultrasound activates afferent vagal fibers and suppress systemic inflammation. In a murine model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia, abdominal ultrasound significantly reduced plasma TNF-α levels. This anti-inflammatory effect was attenuated by subdiaphragmatic vagotomy (SDVx) or afferent vagal blockade. Electrophysiological recordings revealed increased cervical vagus nerve activity during ultrasound stimulation, which was eliminated by intraperitoneal lidocaine, confirming activation of abdominal sensory afferents. Furthermore, abdominal ultrasound induced c-Fos expression in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), consistent with central activation via vagal afferent input. These findings provide direct mechanistic evidence that abdominal ultrasound stimulates afferent vagal pathways.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 123, Issue 7
Published February 17, 2026
ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher National Academy of Sciences

Authors (15)

K

Kotaro Shimoyama

Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University

M

Mamoru Tanida

Department of Physiology II, Kanazawa Medical University

J

Jun Aruga

Department of Medical Pharmacology, Nagasaki University Institute of Biomedical Sciences

T

Tomohiro Furusato

Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Nagasaki University

C

Chia-Hsien Wu

Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University

Y

Yasuna Nakamura

Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University

D

Daisuke Takahashi

Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University

G

Go Kanzaki

Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine

A

Atsuhiro Maeda

Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University

T

Takao Shioya

Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University

N

Nobuo Tsuboi

Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine

C

Chikara Abe

Department of Physiology, University of Fukui School of Medical Sciences

T

Takashi Yokoo

R

Ryusuke Umene

Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University

T

Tsuyoshi Inoue