A SURVEY OF ENERGY-EFFICIENT MAC AND ROUTING PROTOCOLS

Abstract

Energy-efficient Medium Access Control (MAC) and routing protocols are essential for minimizing power consumption in Internet of Things (IoT) networks, because devices generally function within constrained power budgets. This survey article examines multiple MAC and routing protocols developed to improve energy economy. The document classifies protocols according to their operational principles and emphasizes their advantages and disadvantages in resource-limited IoT contexts. This review emphasizes the necessity for more research to enhance energy efficiency via adaptable, scalable, and context-sensitive methods.