A pan‐tumor review of the role of poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase inhibitors

C Chadi Hage Chehade (Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal Medicine Huntsman Cancer Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA) G Georges Gebrael (Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal Medicine Huntsman Cancer Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA) N Nicolas Sayegh (Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal Medicine Huntsman Cancer Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA) Z Zeynep Irem Ozay (Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal Medicine Huntsman Cancer Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA) A Arshit Narang (Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal Medicine Huntsman Cancer Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA) T Tony Crispino (UsTOO Prostate Cancer Support and Education Las Vegas Chapter Las Vegas Nevada USA) T Talia Golan (Division of Medical Oncology Sheba Medical Center Tel Aviv Medical University Tel Aviv Israel) J Jennifer K. Litton (Division of Medical Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston Texas USA) U Umang Swami (Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal Medicine Huntsman Cancer Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA) K Kathleen N. Moore (Division of Gynecologic Oncology Stephenson Cancer Center University of Oklahoma Oklahoma City Oklahoma USA) N Neeraj Agarwal (Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal Medicine Huntsman Cancer Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA)

Abstract

Abstract Poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, such as olaparib, talazoparib, rucaparib, and niraparib, comprise a therapeutic class that targets PARP proteins involved in DNA repair. Cancer cells with homologous recombination repair defects, particularly BRCA alterations, display enhanced sensitivity to these agents because of synthetic lethality induced by PARP inhibitors. These agents have significantly improved survival outcomes across various malignancies, initially gaining regulatory approval in ovarian cancer and subsequently in breast, pancreatic, and prostate cancers in different indications. This review offers a comprehensive clinical overview of PARP inhibitor approvals, emphasizing their efficacy across different cancers based on landmark phase 3 clinical trials.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 75, Issue 2
Published April 01, 2025
Pages 141-167
ISSN 0007-9235
Publisher Wiley

Journal Info

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians

Wiley

ISSN: 0007-9235 Open Access Q1 Medicine

Authors (11)

C

Chadi Hage Chehade

Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal Medicine Huntsman Cancer Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA

G

Georges Gebrael

Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal Medicine Huntsman Cancer Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA

N

Nicolas Sayegh

Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal Medicine Huntsman Cancer Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA

Z

Zeynep Irem Ozay

Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal Medicine Huntsman Cancer Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA

A

Arshit Narang

Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal Medicine Huntsman Cancer Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA

T

Tony Crispino

UsTOO Prostate Cancer Support and Education Las Vegas Chapter Las Vegas Nevada USA

T

Talia Golan

Division of Medical Oncology Sheba Medical Center Tel Aviv Medical University Tel Aviv Israel

J

Jennifer K. Litton

Division of Medical Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston Texas USA

U

Umang Swami

Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal Medicine Huntsman Cancer Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA

K

Kathleen N. Moore

Division of Gynecologic Oncology Stephenson Cancer Center University of Oklahoma Oklahoma City Oklahoma USA

N

Neeraj Agarwal

Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal Medicine Huntsman Cancer Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA