A multi-view TSK fuzzy system with deformable Gaussian membership functions and rule-level attention for classification

Abstract

This study presents a novel multi-view TSK fuzzy system that integrates deformable Gaussian membership functions with a rule-level attention mechanism (MDA-TSK-FS), aiming to improve the modeling capacity and flexibility of fuzzy systems in high-dimensional and complex classification tasks. In the antecedent part, learnable deformation offsets are introduced, enabling the membership function centers of each fuzzy rule to dynamically adjust according to data characteristics. This design enhances the adaptability of rules to the input space. Furthermore, a multi-head attention mechanism at the rule level is incorporated to adaptively allocate rule weights based on sample-specific information, thereby enabling dynamic modeling of rule importance and optimized rule selection. Extensive experiments on five public multi-view datasets, including Caltech7, Handwritten, Dermatology, Forest, and EEG, demonstrate that the proposed model consistently achieves superior performance, reaching classification accuracies of 94.38%, 98.62%, 98.58%, 88.57%, and 69.75%, respectively, and outperforming strong baselines. Ablation studies further verify the effectiveness of the two core components: the deformable antecedent structure and the rule-level attention mechanism, which individually improved EEG classification accuracy by approximately 7% and 6%, and jointly by 9.25% compared to the baseline. Notably, the model exhibits superior generalization and interpretability, particularly when processing multi-source heterogeneous data. These findings indicate that the proposed approach provides a new modeling paradigm for multi-view fuzzy inference, offering both theoretical contributions and practical application potential.