A mechanically resilient soft hydrogel improves drug delivery for treating post-traumatic osteoarthritis in physically active joints

N Nitin Joshi (Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital) J Jing Yan M Mickael Dang (Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital) K Kai Slaughter (Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital) Y Yufeng Wang (Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P. R. China) D Dana Wu (Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital) T Trevor Ung (Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital) N Nutan Bhingaradiya (Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital) V Virja Pandya (Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital) M Mu Xian Chen (Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital) S Shahdeep Kaur (Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital) S Sachin Bhagchandani (Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital) H Haya A. Alfassam (National Center for Biotechnology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology) J John Joseph (Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital) J Jingjing Gao M Mahima Dewani (Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital) R Rachel Wai Chun Chu (Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital) R Ryan Chak Sang Yip (Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital) E Eli Weldon (Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital) P Purna Shah (Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital) N Nishkal Dhiraj Pisal (Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital) C Chetan Shukla (Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital) N Nicholas E. Sherman (Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital) J James N. Luo (Harvard Medical School) T Thomas Conway (Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital) J James P. Eickhoff (Anton Paar USA, Inc.) L Luis Botelho (Anton Paar USA, Inc.) A Ali H. Alhasan (National Center for Biotechnology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology) J Jeffrey M. Karp (Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital) J Joerg Ermann (Harvard Medical School)

Abstract

Intra-articular delivery of disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs) is likely to be most effective in the early stages of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA), when symptoms are minimal, and patients remain physically active. To ensure effective therapy, DMOAD delivery systems therefore must withstand repeated mechanical loading without altering the kinetics of drug release. While soft materials are typically preferred for DMOAD delivery, mechanical loading can compromise their structural integrity and disrupt controlled drug release. In this study, we present a mechanically resilient soft hydrogel that rapidly self-heals under conditions simulating human running while maintaining sustained release of the cathepsin-K inhibitor L-006235, used as a proof-of-concept DMOAD. This hydrogel demonstrated superior performance compared to a previously reported hydrogel designed for intra-articular drug delivery, which, in our study, neither recovered its structure nor maintained drug release under mechanical loading. When injected into mouse knee joints, the hydrogel provided consistent release kinetics of the encapsulated drug in both treadmill-running and nonrunning mice. In a mouse model of severe PTOA exacerbated by treadmill-running, the L-006235 hydrogel significantly reduced cartilage degeneration, whereas the free drug did not. Overall, our data underscore the hydrogel’s potential for treating PTOA in physically active patients.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 122, Issue 14
Published April 08, 2025
ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher National Academy of Sciences

Authors (30)

N

Nitin Joshi

Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital

J

Jing Yan

M

Mickael Dang

Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital

K

Kai Slaughter

Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital

Y

Yufeng Wang

Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P. R. China

D

Dana Wu

Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital

T

Trevor Ung

Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital

N

Nutan Bhingaradiya

Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital

V

Virja Pandya

Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital

M

Mu Xian Chen

Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital

S

Shahdeep Kaur

Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital

S

Sachin Bhagchandani

Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital

H

Haya A. Alfassam

National Center for Biotechnology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology

J

John Joseph

Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital

J

Jingjing Gao

M

Mahima Dewani

Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital

R

Rachel Wai Chun Chu

Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital

R

Ryan Chak Sang Yip

Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital

E

Eli Weldon

Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital

P

Purna Shah

Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital

N

Nishkal Dhiraj Pisal

Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital

C

Chetan Shukla

Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital

N

Nicholas E. Sherman

Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital

J

James N. Luo

Harvard Medical School

T

Thomas Conway

Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital

J

James P. Eickhoff

Anton Paar USA, Inc.

L

Luis Botelho

Anton Paar USA, Inc.

A

Ali H. Alhasan

National Center for Biotechnology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology

J

Jeffrey M. Karp

Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital

J

Joerg Ermann

Harvard Medical School