A lightweight multi round confusion-diffusion cryptosystem for securing images using a modified 5D chaotic system

Abstract

Abstract In recent years, technological advancements have made the transmission of confidential information spooky. This research proposes a modified 5D chaotic map and a new image encryption algorithm based on an integrated chaotic system developed with SHA-512 hashing and a confusion-diffusion architecture. The modified 5D chaotic map provides randomness, and its performance is evaluated through a bifurcation diagram and Lyapunov exponent. The randomness of chaotic sequences is validated through the NIST test. The multi-round diffusion and permutation incorporating the proposed chaotic sequences significantly enhances security by destroying pixel correlation among pixels. The encryption algorithm is validated through performance metric analysis, yielding NPCR of 99.6069%, UACI of 33.4284%, and entropy of 7.99442. These values depict advanced security features needed for various multimedia, medical, and military applications. Therefore, this approach reveals the extent to which chaotic encryption systems provide digital image protection in high-risk communication environments.