A Decade of Lead Halide Perovskites for Direct‐Conversion X‐ray and Gamma Detection: Technology Readiness Level and Challenges

Abstract

Abstract Over the past decade, lead halide perovskites (LHPs) have become a vibrant thrust in the field of direct conversion X‐ray and gamma‐ray radiation detectors, offering promising cost‐effective and robust alternatives to traditional semiconductors. This review article chronicles the significant strides made since the inception of this field, emphasizing the material, structural, and functional advancements. It begins with an overview of the fundamental properties of perovskites that render them suitable for high‐energy radiation detection, such as their high atomic number, prominent charge carriers’ mobility and lifetime, and high resistivity. The review highlights key developments in material synthesis and processing techniques that have enhanced these detectors' stability, efficiency, and scalability. Furthermore, the review discusses the evolution of device architectures from single‐channel photodiodes to complex multi‐pixel arrays for imaging applications. The conclusion is focused on the remaining challenges that hamper the immediate progression of LHP radiation detectors to higher technology levels. This review is intended as a resource for academic researchers and industry stakeholders, summarizing the first decade of LHP detectors and forecasting the trajectory of this promising field, while remembering that forecasting the future trajectory, though challenging, is guided by current technological trends.